HISTORY OF CREATING THE PLAY

The play was started by Alexander Ostrovsky in July 1859 and finished on October 9th. The manuscript of the play is kept in the Russian State Library.

In 1848, Alexander Ostrovsky went with his family to Kostroma, to the Shchelykovo estate. The natural beauty of the Volga region struck the playwright and then he thought about the play. For a long time it was believed that the plot of the drama Thunderstorm was taken by Ostrovsky from the life of the Kostroma merchants. Kostromichi at the beginning of the 20th century could accurately point to the place of Katerina's suicide.

In his play, Ostrovsky raises the problem of a fracture public life that occurred in the 1850s, the problem of changing social foundations.

The names of the heroes of the play are endowed with symbolism: Kabanova is a heavy, heavy woman; Kuligin is a “kuliga”, a swamp, some of its features and name are similar to the name of the inventor Kulibin; the name Katerina means "pure"; Barbara opposed to her - “ barbarian».

THE MEANING OF THE TITLE OF THE THUNDER DRAMA

The name of Ostrovsky's drama "Thunderstorm" plays a big role in understanding this play. The image of a thunderstorm in Ostrovsky's drama is unusually complex and ambiguous. On the one hand, a thunderstorm is a direct participant in the action of the play, on the other hand, it is a symbol of the idea of ​​\u200b\u200bthis work. In addition, the image of a thunderstorm has so many meanings that it illuminates almost all facets of the tragic collision in the play.

The storm plays an important role in the composition of the drama. In the first act - the beginning of the work: Katerina tells Varvara about her dreams and hints at her secret love. Almost immediately after this, a thunderstorm is approaching: “... there’s no way a thunderstorm is setting in ...” At the beginning of the fourth act, a thunderstorm is also gathering, foreshadowing a tragedy: “Remember my words that this thunderstorm will not pass in vain ...”

A thunderstorm breaks out only in the scene of Katerina's confession - at the climax of the play, when the heroine speaks about her sin to her husband and mother-in-law, not ashamed of the presence of other townspeople. Thunderstorm is directly involved in the action as a real phenomenon of nature. It affects the behavior of the characters: after all, it is during a thunderstorm that Katerina confesses her sin. They even talk about a thunderstorm as if it were alive (“It’s raining, no matter how the thunderstorm gathers?”, “And it’s crawling on us, it’s crawling like it’s alive!”).

But the storm in the play also has a figurative meaning. For example, Tikhon calls the swearing, scolding and antics of his mother a thunderstorm: “Yes, as I know now that there will be no thunderstorm over me for two weeks, there are no shackles on my legs, so am I up to my wife?”

The following fact is also noteworthy: Kuligin is a supporter of the peaceful eradication of vices (he wants to ridicule bad morals in the book: “I wanted to depict all this in verse ...”). And it is he who offers Diky to make a lightning rod (“copper plate”), which serves here as an allegory, because soft and peaceful opposition to vices by denouncing them in books is a kind of lightning rod.

In addition, a thunderstorm is perceived differently by all characters. So, Dikoy says: "The storm is sent to us as a punishment." Wild declares that people should be afraid of thunderstorms, and yet his power and tyranny are based precisely on people's fear of him. Evidence of this is the fate of Boris. He is afraid of not receiving an inheritance and therefore submits to the Wild. So, this fear is beneficial for the Wild. He wants everyone to be afraid of thunderstorms, just like him.

But Kuligin treats a thunderstorm differently: “Now every blade of grass, every flower rejoices, but we hide, we are afraid, just what kind of misfortune!” He sees a life-giving force in a thunderstorm. It is interesting that not only the attitude to a thunderstorm, but also the principles of Dikoy and Kuligin are different. Kuligin condemns the way of life of Dikoy, Kabanova and their morals: “Cruel morals, sir, in our city, cruel! ..”

So the image of a thunderstorm turns out to be connected with the disclosure of the characters of the characters in the drama. Katerina is also afraid of thunderstorms, but not in the same way as Dikoy. She sincerely believes that the storm is God's punishment. Katerina does not talk about the benefits of a thunderstorm, she is not afraid of punishment, but of sins. Her fear is associated with a deep, strong faith and high moral ideals. Therefore, in her words about the fear of a thunderstorm, it’s not complacency, like Diky’s, but rather remorse: “It’s not scary that it will kill you, but that death will suddenly find you as you are, with all your sins, with all evil thoughts ..."

The heroine herself also resembles a thunderstorm. Firstly, the theme of a thunderstorm is connected with Katerina's feelings and state of mind. In the first act, a thunderstorm gathers, as if a harbinger of tragedy and as an expression of the heroine's troubled soul. It was then that Katerina confesses to Varvara that she loves another - not her husband. The storm did not disturb Katerina during her meeting with Boris, when she suddenly felt happy. A thunderstorm appears whenever storms rage in the soul of the heroine herself: the words “With Boris Grigorievich!” (in the scene of Katerina's confession) - and again, according to the author's note, a "thunderclap" is heard.

Secondly, the confession of Katerina and her suicide was a challenge to the forces of the "dark kingdom" and its principles ("closed-closed"). The very love that Katerina did not hide, her desire for freedom is also a protest, a challenge that thundered over the forces of the "dark kingdom" like a thunderstorm. Katerina's victory in that there will be rumors about Kabanikh, about her role in the suicide of her daughter-in-law, will not be able to hide the truth. Even Tikhon begins to weakly protest. "You ruined her! You! You!" he shouts to his mother.

So, Ostrovsky's Thunderstorm, despite its tragedy, produces a refreshing, encouraging impression, about which Dobrolyubov spoke: “... the end (of the play) ... seems to us encouraging, it is easy to understand why: it gives a terrible challenge to self-foolish power. ..”

Katerina does not adapt to the principles of Kabanova, she did not want to lie and listen to someone else's lies: “You are talking about me, mother, in vain you say this ...”

A thunderstorm is also not subject to anything and no one - it happens both in summer and in spring, not limited to the season, like precipitation. It is not for nothing that in many pagan religions the main god is the Thunderer, the lord of thunder and lightning (thunderstorms).

As in nature, the thunderstorm in Ostrovsky’s play combines destructive and creative power: “Thunderstorm will kill!”, “This is not a thunderstorm, but grace!”

So, the image of a thunderstorm in Ostrovsky's drama is multi-valued and not one-sided: while symbolically expressing the idea of ​​the work, at the same time it directly participates in the action. The image of a thunderstorm illuminates almost all facets of the play's tragic collision, which is why the meaning of the title becomes so important for understanding the play.

With the advent of A. N. Ostrovsky, much has changed in Russian literature, and the main changes have occurred in dramaturgy: the writer discovered a new conflict in Russian life, a new environment - the merchant class, which brought its heroes and a new meaning to the plays, therefore, fundamentally new titles of works. These changes are clearly visible in A. N. Ostrovsky's play "Thunderstorm".
Why did the author name his drama that way? After all, it is not about a natural phenomenon at all.
This question can be answered by considering the play itself, the conflict in it. The main character of "Thunderstorm", Katerina, lives in the city of Kalinovo, on the banks of the Volga, where patriarchy, where tyrant merchants rule everything: Wild, Kabanikha and the like. The inhabitants of Kalinov live in a special state of the world - crisis, catastrophic. The foundation supporting the old order is collapsing, and with it the established way of life.
The first action introduces us into the pre-stormy atmosphere of life. Outwardly, everything is still calm, but the crisis is still ahead. The carelessness of people only increases the tension that prevails in nature and life. A thunderstorm is moving towards Kalinov...
At the beginning of the play, we get acquainted with some of the inhabitants of Kalinovo and with the main character, who lives in the Kabanikh family and suffers from oppression, “bondage” of the patriarchal world, from humiliation and pressure from the mother of the family, the merchant’s wife. The storm is advancing not only on the city, in the soul of Katerina, too, its approach is felt. The heroine is in disarray, realizing that she does not love her husband, but another person, Boris, and suffers: her duty to her husband makes her suffer and is torn in her choice. She realizes that she will commit a sin if she goes to meet Boris, and the punishment for this sin will come sooner or later. But Katerina decides to go on a date with her lover, walks for ten days without thinking about anything, and comes to her senses due to the unexpected arrival of her husband. She begins to repent of her deed, she is overcome by fear of the coming punishment and pangs of conscience. The heroine feels the approach of a thunderstorm and something terrible: “How ... not to be afraid! Everyone should be afraid. It’s not that it’s scary that it will kill you, but that death will suddenly find you ... with all your sins, with all your evil thoughts ... A thunderstorm is sent to us as a punishment so that we feel ... ”
The situation in the play heats up because of the experiences of Katerina, because of the feeling of something inevitable. The clouds are thickening more and more, thunder is already heard. The heroine cannot stand the tension and suffering, she can no longer live in a lie, and in the midst of a natural disaster (thunderstorm), she publicly confesses everything to Kabanikh and her husband. The indignation of others is like a thunderstorm.
Katerina cannot live on, she is sick of her husband, the world, her family. She is superfluous here, because no one understands her, in this society there is no place for love. Boris is afraid to break out and take his beloved from the “dark kingdom”, since he himself is under his rule. Katerina decides to commit suicide: for her in the grave is better than at home.
Thus, society (Kalinovtsy), with its “pious” and “righteous” judgment, dooms the heroine to death, because she violated the usual foundations. The inhabitants of Kalinov do not want to notice the approaching collapse of the patriarchal world, its disintegration. It is doomed to destruction, since the real goals and values ​​that formed its basis have sunk into the past.
A. N. Ostrovsky noticed in time the doom of the patriarchal world and decided to show it to the reader in his play. He depicted the gradual destruction of the old, familiar foundations as a thunderstorm, slowly approaching and flaring up in full force. She sweeps away everything in her path. The thunderstorm represents changes in life and society, which is why the title of the work is ambiguous and symbolic. The word "thunderstorm" is the key to the play.

“Thunderstorm” is one of the brightest works of A. N. Ostrovsky. It was written in 1859, during the fundamental changes taking place in Russian society. And it is no coincidence that Ostrovsky chose just such a title for his play.
The word "thunderstorm" has a huge meaning. Thunderstorm is not only a natural phenomenon, but it is also a symbol of change in “ dark kingdom”, in the way of life that has existed for several centuries in Russian life.
In the center of the play is the conflict between the representatives of the “dark kingdom” and their victims. Against the backdrop of beautiful calm nature, the unbearable life of people is drawn. And the main character - Katerina - can not stand the oppression, the humiliation of her human dignity. This is evidenced by changes in nature: the colors are thickening, a thunderstorm is approaching, the sky is darkening. Feels like a thunderstorm is coming. All this is a harbinger of some terrible events.
For the first time the word "thunderstorm" sounds in the scene of farewell to Tikhon. He says: "... There will be no thunderstorm over me for two weeks." Tikhon really wants to escape at least for a while from the musty atmosphere of his parents' house, to escape from the power of his mother Kabanikha, to feel free, so to speak, "to take a walk for the whole year." Under the “thunderstorm” he understands the oppression of the mother, her omnipotence, fear of her, as well as fear of retribution for committed sins. “The storm is sent to us as punishment,” says Dikoy Kuligin. And this fear of retribution is inherent in all the heroes of the play, even Katerina. After all, she is religious and considers her love for Boris a great sin, but she cannot help herself.
The only one who did not become afraid of a thunderstorm was the self-taught mechanic Kuligin. He even tried to resist this natural phenomenon by building a lightning rod. Kuligin saw in a thunderstorm only a majestic and beautiful sight, a manifestation of the strength and power of nature, and not a danger to man. He tells everyone: “Well, what are you afraid of, pray tell? Now every grass, every flower rejoices, but we hide, we are afraid, as if some kind of misfortune! .. You are all in a thunderstorm! .. You made yourself a scarecrow out of everything. Eh, people. I'm not afraid."
So, in nature, a thunderstorm has already begun. But what happens in society? In society, too, not everything is calm - some changes are brewing. Thunderstorm in this case is an omen of the coming conflict, its resolution. Katerina is no longer able to live according to the house-building rules, she wants freedom, but she no longer has the strength to fight with those around her. It is no coincidence, by the way, the appearance of a crazy lady on the stage, which is accompanied by thunderclaps. She predicts the main character's imminent death.
Thus, the thunderstorm is the impetus for the denouement of the conflict. Katerina was very frightened by the words of the mistress, the thunderclaps, mistaking them for a sign “from above”. She was a very emotional and believing nature, so she simply could not live with sin in her soul - the sin of loving a stranger. Katerina threw herself into the abyss of the Volga, unable to endure a terrible, difficult, forced existence, which fettered the impulses of a hot heart, not reconciled with the hypocritical morality of the tyrants of the “dark kingdom”. These were the consequences of the storm for Katerina.
It should be noted that the thunderstorm is also a symbol of Katerina's love for Boris, Dikiy's nephew, because there is something spontaneous in their relationship, just like in a thunderstorm. Just like a thunderstorm, this love does not bring joy to either the heroine or her lover. Katerina is a married woman, she has no right to cheat on her husband, because she took an oath of allegiance before God. But the marriage was completed, and no matter how hard the heroine tried, she could not love her lawful husband, who was not able to either protect his wife from the attacks of her mother-in-law, or understand her. But Katerina longed for love, and these impulses of her heart found an outlet in affection for Boris. He was the only inhabitant of the city of Kalinov who did not grow up in it. Boris was more educated than others, he studied in Moscow. He was the only one who understood Katerina, but could not help her, because he lacked determination. Did Boris really love Katerina? Probably not. Obviously, this was not such a strong feeling, for the sake of which it was possible to sacrifice everything. This is also evidenced by the fact that he leaves Katerina all alone in the city, advises her to submit to fate, foreseeing that she will die. Boris traded his love for the inheritance of the Wild, which he will never receive. Thus, Boris is also the flesh of the flesh of the Kalinovsky world, he is taken prisoner by this city.
Ostrovsky in his work was able to show the changes that took place in Russian society in the middle and second half of the 19th century. This is evidenced by the title of the play “Thunderstorm”. But if in nature after a thunderstorm the air becomes cleaner, a discharge occurs, then in life after a “thunderstorm” it is unlikely that anything will change, most likely everything will remain in its place.

Ostrovsky can rightly be called a great Russian playwright. In his works, he first showed the life and way of life of the merchant class. In the play "Thunderstorm" the writer described the state of provincial society in Russia on the eve of reforms. The playwright examines such issues as the position of a woman in the family, the modernity of Domostroy, the awakening in a person of a sense of personality and dignity, the relationship between the “old”, oppressive, and “young”, mute.
The main idea of ​​"Thunderstorm" is that a strong, gifted and brave man with natural aspirations and desires cannot live happily in a society dominated by cruel morals”, where “Domostroy” reigns, where everything is based on fear, deceit and submission.
The name "Thunderstorm" can be considered from several positions. A thunderstorm is a natural phenomenon, and nature plays an important role in the composition of the play. So, it complements the action, emphasizes the main idea, the essence of what is happening. For example, a beautiful night landscape corresponds to a date between Katerina and Boris. The expanses of the Volga emphasize Katerina's dreams of freedom, a picture of cruel nature opens up when describing suicide main character. Then nature contributes to the development of action, as if pushing events, stimulates the development and resolution of the conflict. So, in the scene of a thunderstorm, the elements induce Katerina to public repentance.
So, the name “Thunderstorm” emphasizes the main idea of ​​the play: self-esteem awakening in people; the desire for freedom and independence begins to threaten the existence of the old order.
The world of Kabanikhi and the Wild comes to an end, because in the “dark kingdom” a “beam of light” appeared - Katerina is a woman who cannot put up with the oppressive atmosphere that prevails in the family, in the city. Her protest was expressed in love for Boris, in an unauthorized departure from life. Katerina preferred death to existence in a world where she was “sick of everything”. She is the first lightning of that thunderstorm that will soon break out in society. The clouds over the "old" world have been gathering for a long time. Domostroy has lost its original meaning. Kabanikha and Dikoi use his ideas only to justify their tyranny and tyranny. They failed to convey to their children the true faith in the inviolability of their rules of life. Young people live according to the laws of their fathers as long as they can achieve a compromise through deceit. When oppression becomes unbearable, when deception saves only partially, then a protest begins to awaken in a person, he develops and is able to break out at any moment.
Katerina's suicide woke up a man in Tikhon. He saw that there is always a way out of the current situation, and he, the most weak-willed of all the characters described by Ostrovsky, who unquestioningly obeyed his mother all his life, accuses her of the death of his wife in public. If Tikhon is already able to declare his protest, then the "dark kingdom" really does not have long to exist.
The storm is also a symbol of renewal. In nature, after a thunderstorm, the air is fresh and clean. In society, after the thunderstorm that began with Katerina's protest, renewal will also come: the oppressive and subjugating orders will probably be replaced by a society of freedom and independence.
But the storm occurs not only in nature, but also in Katerina's soul. She committed a sin and repents of it. Two feelings struggle in her: fear of the Boar and fear that “death will suddenly find you, as you are, with all your sins...” In the end, religiosity, fear of retribution for sin prevail, and Katerina publicly admits in sin. None of the inhabitants of Kalinovo can understand her: these people do not, like Katerina, have a rich spiritual world and high moral values; they do not feel remorse, because their morality is - if only everything was “covered”. However, recognition does not bring relief to Katerina. As long as she believes in Boris's love, she is able to live. But, realizing that Boris is no better than Tikhon, that she is still alone in this world, where everything is “embarrassing” to her, she finds no other way out than to rush into the Volga. Katerina broke the religious law for the sake of freedom. The storm also ends in renewal in her soul. The young woman completely freed herself from the shackles of the Kalinovsky world and religion.
Thus, the thunderstorm that occurs in the soul of the main character turns into a thunderstorm in society itself, and all the action takes place against the backdrop of the elements.
Using the image of a thunderstorm, Ostrovsky showed that a society that has become obsolete, based on deceit, and the old order, which deprives a person of the opportunity to manifest the highest feelings, is doomed to destruction. It is as natural as the purification of nature through a thunderstorm. Thus, Ostrovsky expressed the hope that renewal in society would come as soon as possible.

A.N. Ostrovsky is not just a writer-playwright. He is rightfully considered the father of Russian drama. After all, before him in the literature of the 19th century theatrical art developed very poorly. Ostrovsky's plays were new, fresh and interesting. It was thanks to this author that people again reached out to theaters. One of the most famous plays is "Thunderstorm".

History of creation

A.N. Ostrovsky was sent on a special mission to central Russia. Here the writer was able to see provincial life in all its glory. Like any other writer, in the first place, Ostrovsky paid attention to the life and life of the Russian merchants, petty bourgeois, noble people of the province. He was looking for characters and plots. As a result of the trip, the play "Thunderstorm" was written. And a little while later, a similar incident occurred in one of them. Ostrovsky was able to predict the events that took place in the future. The characterization of the play "Thunderstorm" as a holistic work shows that the author is not just an insightful person, but also a talented writer-playwright.

Artistic originality of drama

The play has a number artistic features. It should be said that Ostrovsky was at the same time a novelist in dramaturgy and supported the tradition. To understand, it is necessary to analyze the genre, the main characters, the conflict and the meaning of the title of the play "Thunderstorm".

Genre

There are three dramatic tragedy and drama. Of these, the oldest - then comedy follows, but drama as a genre appears only in the 19th century. Its founder in Russia was A.N. Ostrovsky. The play "Thunderstorm" is fully consistent with its canons. In the center of the image are ordinary people, not historical figures, not people with their own shortcomings and virtues, in whose souls feelings, affections, likes and dislikes develop. The situation is also common. However, there is an acute life conflict in it, most often unresolvable. Katerina (the main character of the drama) finds herself in a life situation from which there is no way out. The meaning of the name of the play "Thunderstorm" is multifaceted (this will be discussed below), one of the interpretation options is the inevitability of something, the predestination and tragedy of the situation.

main characters

The main characters of the play: Kabanikha, her son Tikhon, Katerina (Kabanova's daughter-in-law), Boris (her lover), Varvara (Tikhon's sister), Wild, Kuligin. There are other characters, each of which has its own semantic load.

Kabanikha and Wild personify everything negative that is in the city of Kalinov. malice, tyranny, the desire to lead everyone, greed. Tikhon Kabanov is an example of resigned worship of his mother, he is spineless and stupid. Barbara is not like that. She understands that her mother is wrong in many ways. She, too, wants to free herself from her pressure, and she does it in her own way: she simply deceives her. But such a path is impossible for Katerina. She cannot lie to her husband, cheating for her is a big sin. Katerina, against the background of others, looks more thinking, feeling and alive. Only one hero stands aside - Kuligin. He plays the role of a reasoning hero, that is, a character into whose mouth the author puts his attitude to the situation.

The meaning of the title of the play "Thunderstorm"

The symbolic name is one way to express ideological concept works. One word has a huge meaning, it is multilayered.

Firstly, a thunderstorm occurs twice in the city of Kalinov. Each character reacts differently. Kuligin, for example, sees physical phenomena in a thunderstorm, so it does not cause much fear in him. Of course, the meaning of the title of the play "Thunderstorm" is not only that this phenomenon is present in the text. The symbol of a thunderstorm is closely connected with the main character - Katerina. For the first time, this natural phenomenon catches the heroine on the street when she is talking to Varvara. Katerina was very frightened, but not of death. Her horror is justified by the fact that lightning can kill suddenly, and she will suddenly appear before God with all her sins. But she has one gravest sin - falling in love with Boris. Education, conscience do not allow Katerina to completely surrender to this feeling. Going on a date, she begins to experience great torment. The heroine also makes a confession during a thunderstorm. Hearing a thunderclap, she can't stand it.

Depends on the level of interpretation. On a formal level, this is the beginning and climax of the drama. But on a symbolic level, this is the fear of the punishment of the Lord, retribution.

We can say that the "thunderstorm" hung over all the inhabitants of the city. Outwardly, these are the attacks of Kabanikh and Dikiy, but on the existential level, this is the fear of answering for one's sins. Perhaps that is why she causes horror not only in Katerina. Even the word "thunderstorm" is pronounced in the text not only as the name of a natural phenomenon. Tikhon leaves home, rejoicing that his mother will no longer bother him, that she will no longer order him. Katerina is not able to get away from this "thunderstorm". She was cornered.

The image of Katerina

The heroine commits suicide, and because of this, her image is very contradictory. She is pious, she is afraid of "gehena fiery", but at the same time she commits such a grave sin. Why? Apparently, moral suffering, moral torment is stronger than her thoughts about hell. Most likely, she simply stopped thinking about suicide as a sin, seeing it as a punishment for her sin (betrayal to her husband). Some of the critics see in her an exceptionally strong personality who challenged society, the "dark kingdom" (Dobrolyubov). Others believe that voluntary death is not a challenge, but, on the contrary, a sign of weakness.

How to regard this act of the heroine, it is impossible to say unambiguously. The meaning of the title of the play "Thunderstorm" emphasizes that in the society that has developed in Kalinov, such cases are not surprising, because it is a ossified, backward city, it is ruled by petty tyrants, such as Dikoi and Kabanikha. As a result, sensitive natures (Katerina) suffer without feeling support from anyone.

Conclusions. Features and meaning of the name of the play "Thunderstorm" (briefly)

1. The drama has become a vivid example of the life of provincial cities, exposing one of the main problems of Russia - tyranny.

2. The drama corresponds to the canons of the genre (there is a reasoning hero, there are negative characters), but at the same time it is innovative (it is symbolic).

3. The "thunderstorm" in the title of the play is not just a compositional element, it is a symbol of God's punishment, repentance. The meaning of the title of the play "Thunderstorm" by Ostrovsky brings the play to a symbolic level.

The play "Thunderstorm" appeared in print in 1859, when all of Russia was expecting the abolition of serfdom. Contemporaries of the work saw in it a kind of call for the renewal of life. In his play, A.N. Ostrovsky was an innovator in the choice of plot and heroes of the work. He was one of the first to address the problems of the patriarchal "dark kingdom". Dobrolyubov said this about Ostrovsky's drama: "... Thunderstorm" is, without a doubt, Ostrovsky's most decisive work ... There is something refreshing and encouraging in "Thunderstorm". This “something, in our opinion, is the background of the play, indicated by us and revealing the precariousness and the near end of tyranny ...” The central place in the work is occupied by the conflict between the representatives of the “dark kingdom” and their victims.

The name of the play - "Thunderstorm" - is certainly very symbolic. Almost the entire fourth act of the work is devoted to this natural phenomenon. For the first time, the word "thunderstorm" flashed in the scene of farewell to Tikhon. He says: "... There will be no thunderstorm over me for two weeks." Tikhon, leaving for the fair, seeks to get rid of fear, impotence and dependence.

A thunderstorm, a common natural phenomenon, causes natural, wild horror among the inhabitants of Kalinov. This is the fear driven by tyrants, the fear of retribution for sins. Kalinovtsy consider the thunderstorm something supernatural, given to them as a punishment. And only one self-taught mechanic Kuligin is not afraid of a thunderstorm. He is trying to reason with the crowd, saying that there is nothing supernatural in this phenomenon: “Well, what are you afraid of, tell me! Now every grass, every flower rejoices, but we are hiding, we are afraid, just what kind of misfortune! ... You are all in a thunderstorm! Eh, people. I'm not afraid." In order to avoid accidents, Kuligin suggests that the townspeople make a lightning rod. But he himself is well aware that the inhabitants of Kalinov simply will not hear him - they are too accustomed to being afraid and looking for a threat and danger to themselves in everything. Wild expresses the opinion of all the inhabitants of the city: “The storm is sent to us as a punishment, so that we feel, and you want to defend yourself with poles and some kind of goads, God forgive me. What are you, a Tatar, or what?

Everyone in the city has its own thunderstorm. And Katerina is terrified of a thunderstorm, expecting it as a just punishment from God. In her opinion, the thunderstorm was a harbinger of the highest retribution for her sins: “Everyone should be afraid. It’s not that it’s scary that it will kill you, but that death will suddenly find you as you are, with all your sins ... "

Having fallen in love with Boris and cheated on her husband, Katerina, as a deeply religious person, cannot find peace. Unable to withstand the pressure of her own conscience and the oppression of those around her, she decides on the most serious sin - suicide.

Boris, Diky's nephew, sincerely fell in love with Katerina. In him, as in his beloved, there is spiritual purity. But, as a person who has come to terms with his spiritual slavery, this hero is not capable of active actions. And Katerina, as a bright, dreamy soul, cannot exist in an alien, suffocating, dark society. In my opinion, even if Boris had taken Katerina away from Kalinovo, her fate would have been tragic. She could not live under the weight of her sin.

The storm is also present in the lives of other residents of the city. For Kabanova and wild thunderstorm appears in the face of Kuligin and Katerina. These heroes testify to the fact that changes are coming, which Kalinov's inert people refuse to accept. Dikoy and Kabanikha do not know how to hide from a thunderstorm, subconsciously fearing the coming changes. Kabanikha is the embodiment of despotism and hypocrisy. She eats her neighbors, bothers them with complaints and suspicions.
The boar does not hide that he wants to have unlimited and complete power over them. Everything old is good for her, everything young and new is bad for her. It seems to Marfa Kabanova that if the old foundations collapse, then the end of the world will come: “I don’t know what will happen, how the old people will die, how the world will stand.”
Wild in the play is depicted as a limited tyrant who rushes at everyone like a dog. The constant scolding of this hero is a form of his self-affirmation, and, moreover, a defense against everything hostile and incomprehensible.

I think that it is impossible to exist on earth for a long time with such ideas about the world as the Kalinovites had. Only in an ignorant, dark, uneducated society could the wanderer Feklusha be respected and honored with her stories about wonderful countries in the world, "where all the people with dog heads ... for infidelity ..."
This heroine is the protector of the "dark kingdom". Feklusha guesses the desire of the strong and asserts with flattery: “No, mother,” says Feklusha Kabanikhe, “that’s why you have silence in the city, because many people, take you for example, are decorated with virtues like flowers; that is why everything is done coolly and decently.

In the life of Tikhon Kabanov - his own thunderstorm: strong pressure and fear of his mother, betrayal and death of his wife. Love, filial and maternal feelings do not exist in Kalinov's "dark kingdom", they are corroded by arbitrariness and hypocrisy, callousness. And only at the corpse of Katerina Tikhon dares to argue with his mother and even accuses her of the death of his wife.

I believe that the name of this play gives a lot to understand the tragic nature of The Thunderstorm. The thunderstorm symbolically expresses the idea of ​​the work and directly participates in the actions of the drama as a very real natural phenomenon. Each hero of the play has his own moral "thunderstorm". Changes are coming. They are inevitable, because they are required by time and new people who have become cramped in the stuffy "dark kingdom" of petty tyrants.

Drama by A.N. Ostrovsky "Thunderstorm" is one of the most famous works writer. It contains many themes: love, freedom, and serfdom. And of course, the main idea, which runs like a red thread through the entire work, is reflected in the title of the play.

A thunderstorm is both a natural phenomenon, and danger hanging over the city, and a symbol of the era.

From the very beginning of the story, in the first act, we hear a conversation between two heroes about Kalinov's morals. Kudryash and Kuligin are minor characters, but despite this they carry an important semantic load. Their conversation is tied around Wild. This hero is gifted by the author with a speaking surname, indeed, human concepts seem to be alien to him. This hero is a kind of thunderstorm for all households, as well as for courtyard people, his sudden anger keeps the whole neighborhood in fear.

Another episode in which Dikoy is present and one of the heroes who first appear on the stage, Kuligin. In this episode, Kuligin asks Dikoy for money to build a clock and a lightning rod, the hero wants to do something useful and good, to somehow stir up an ossified society. But he is refused, it turns out that Diky's stupidity and shortsightedness is even deeper than it might seem to us, he is categorically against the structure, because, in his opinion, a thunderstorm is sent to people as a punishment, and the clock is not needed at all (by the absence of a clock, the author probably emphasizes the fact that the development of Kalinov lags behind, there is no education, and rough serfdom still reigns).

The main character of the work, Katerina, lives with her husband in the house of his mother Kabanikha. Kabanovs, such is their speaking surname, and it does not require further explanation. Freedom-loving Katerina is languishing under the yoke of this cruel woman, a real thunderstorm for her entire home. Only the good manners and wisdom of Katerina allowed her to stay under her rule for a long time, but only externally, internally the heroine always remains free.

Much in Katerina's life is connected with a thunderstorm. She is afraid of this natural phenomenon, faints, her intuition tells her that something must happen that will decide her fate. And she confesses her act with Boris, and understands that she can no longer live in the Kabanovs' house. After all, Kabanikha became a thunderstorm not only for her, but also for her son. He runs away from home to spend a few days at liberty.

As for Katerina, she herself can be called a thunderstorm for the outdated foundations of Kalinovites. In the finale, she seems to challenge the slavery and oppression that reigns in the city. Throughout the action, tension is felt, a thunderstorm hangs over Kalinov's petty tyrants.

Much indicates that the authorities of Kabanikhi and Dikoy are in danger. Curly refuses to obey them, and in the end disappears along with Varvara, who also only creates the appearance of submission to the Kabanikhe, but in reality does what she sees fit.

And, of course, Kuligin's words at the end of the play confirm the idea that the power of the Wild and Kabanovs is short-lived, a thunderstorm is approaching them. Kuligin reminds them that Katerina's body can belong to them, but her soul is free.

The meaning of the title of this play is very significant. Many times it occurs as a natural phenomenon, is reflected in the images and characters of the characters, and itself seems to be actor. The whole atmosphere of the work is reflected in the title of the wonderful and still popular and beloved play by A.N. Ostrovsky "Thunderstorm".

The meaning of the title, the title of the play by Ostrovsky Thunderstorm

A.N. Ostrovsky is one of the most prominent writers of the 19th century, his works tell us about the struggle of humanity, kindness, responsiveness with meanness, greed and malice. The author in each of his books shows kind, naive heroes who face the cruel reality of the world, which leads them to utter disappointment in life, kills all the good that is in them.

"Thunderstorm" is the pinnacle of the playwright's creative quest. After all, this play laid the foundation for such a monumental theme, which later on as the main one in their works was used by various writers of contemporaries and subsequent centuries. What is it that impresses readers over the course of three centuries?

Katerina in Greek means “pure”, Ostrovsky tells us about how people around her, rotten to the very bones, oppress her and drive her into a corner, because they feel strength in her and understand that she is the beginning of the end for them.
This fragile, naive girl cannot be called strong-willed or strong, she did not accomplish a feat, on the contrary, her act can be perceived as weakness, but the death of the heroine became a protest against the existing order, by her example she untied the hands of all the oppressed. Her image is a "ray of light", a symbol of the fight against cruel, selfish people who break the lives of everyone around, that is, with the "dark kingdom".

AT last days, for weeks of her life, Katerina was terribly afraid of thunder, believing that God's punishment for sins was descending on her head, she was so immaculate that she did not understand, the thunderstorm did not come to kill her, lightning and thunder split the world of those who offended her into pieces, darkness the end has come.

Katerina played the role of a soldier who runs ahead of everyone with a flag, calling to fight, the role of a soldier who awakens strength and resistance in souls. After all, after her death, all who were silent and endured before protested. Kabanov finally realized and understood that his tyrant mother was to blame for what had happened, but his conscience was not at peace either, because he could not prevent the tragedy. Curly and Barbara decide to run away, to leave behind Diky and Boar, whose life will become unbearable if they have no one to oppress and no one to pour their dirt on.

A thunderstorm that brings death to the dark kingdom, the former terrible foundations - that's main point and the meaning of Ostrovsky's play.

In Alexander Nikolayevich, the hackneyed and banal theme of the struggle between good and evil is shown in a completely unique light and is perceived quite sharply. I think this is a very important book that everyone should read.

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