The disappearance of many species of flora often depends on man and his destructive, as it turns out, activities. Thousands of specimens of rare plants will never be seen by mankind. The Red Book is a list of plants and animals that are either extinct or on the verge of becoming extinct. But even despite the existing accounting, it is impossible to know exactly how many specimens of certain plants are left in the world.

extinct species

Extinct plant species receive this status and their place in the "black list" after the last officially documented specimen disappears. Many extinct species are known only from their "remains" - prints on stones, evidence in official documents.

One of the most ancient extinct plants is the archefructus. Its remains were discovered in 1998 in the Lower Cretaceous deposits in China.

A whole genus of these plants has died out, but water lilies are considered their probable descendant. Archefructus also grew in ponds, but was not fully formed (for example, there were no petals). Scientists consider this ancient plant to be the progenitor of all flowering plants in modern history.

Extinct plant species are usually referred to as early eras development of nature. It is worth mentioning Archeopteris - an ancient fern that grew back in the Paleozoic era. It is considered the oldest tree. Also interesting in its structure is the tree-like plant lepidodendron, which existed in its leaves. Its leaves grew directly from the trunk, without petioles, therefore, after leaf fall, the trunk remained cut with scars, which made the bark similar to crocodile skin.

Unfortunately, ancient extinct plants are not alone in their fate. Even in the 20th century, it became possible for representatives of the flora to disappear from the face of the Earth. So, for example, the Crian violet, which grew on limestone soils in the southeast of France, was irretrievably lost. An unexpected destruction of limestone led to her death.

As of 2011, 799 species (including fauna) have completely disappeared, 61 species have ceased to exist in the wild, and a huge number are on the verge of extinction. These numbers, unfortunately, are only growing every year.

Disappeared in the wild

EW - this status is given to plants that have survived only in captivity. They usually grow in botanical gardens or reserves, where their population is carefully monitored.

For example, Wood's encephalarthos, which grew on the forest slopes of South Africa, was taken from the wild and placed in botanical gardens in different corners peace. Due to unfavorable conditions, this plant could disappear forever. And all because it is a kind male plant, that is, it does not reproduce in the usual way, but spreads by dividing a single copy.

Endangered plants are sometimes considered completely extinct from the world, but a miracle happens and someone finds the last specimen. So it happened with the Gibraltar Smolensk, which long years thought to be lost to nature. But in 1994, a climber accidentally stumbled upon this flower high in the mountains. Today, this plant lives in the Gibraltar Botanical Garden and in the Royal Garden of London.

Due to the extinction of their only pollinators - nectar birds - the most beautiful flower, called "Parrot's Beak", disappeared. Its inflorescences really resemble a bird's beak, although they have a red-orange color. The flower is native to the Canary Islands.

Another interesting flower now growing in captivity is the chocolate cosmos. Such an unusual name was given to a Mexican flower that smells of vanilla.

The reason for the disappearance of many plants is human activity, but natural elements also make their sad contribution. So, after the fires in 1978 in Hawaii, the Kokio flower, which grew only on the trunks of a certain type of tree, disappeared from the wild.

Species on the brink of extinction


CR - this category is critical for all endangered species. Perhaps those plants that are in this category have died a long time ago, but scientists do not have time to conduct enough research to be convinced of this. In 2011, there were 1619 plant species under the CR sign.

Endangered plants of Russia are also included in this category. Plants such as ginseng, spring adonis, yellow water lily are on the verge of extinction in our country due to their medicinal properties. Many people, not suspecting that these are plants from the Red Book, pluck them, thereby destroying the entire population.

One of the rarest plants in the world - mountain It can be found in the Alps, Altai and the Caucasus, but for this you need to climb to a height of several thousand meters. A flower surrounded by legends, having inflorescences in the form of stars, loves loneliness, although it is the patron saint of lovers.

Plants from the Red Book are forbidden to be plucked. For example, in Switzerland for such an offense you will have to pay an impressive fine.

Endangered species


EN - the status that is given to species that are at risk of extinction due to their small number or adverse environmental and habitat conditions.

Ever since the first man appeared on the planet, the extinction of animal and plant species began to gain momentum. It was connected with both agriculture and hunting.

Which plants are dying out and which are not can be difficult to determine. This is because some species habitats are simply unknown, it is not possible to establish their exact number.

There are 652 plant species in the Red Book of Russia that are considered endangered. Among them are half-flowered, flat-leaved snowdrop, rhododendron fori, mountain peony and many others.

Endangered plants in Russia are under protection, however, administrative. But in the event of the complete extermination of any plant species from the Red Book, criminal liability will follow.

Vulnerable species


VU - the protection status of plant species that are at risk of becoming endangered. But there are plants that breed well in captivity and, in fact, are not threatened. However, scientists tend to leave this status behind them, since there is a possibility of a decline in the population in the wild. For example, a carnivorous plant, the Venus flytrap, which feeds on insects and sometimes mollusks, has VU status.

Species dependent on conservation efforts

Since 1994, no new plant species have been added to this category. CD is a sub-category that is subdivided into three branches:

  • dependent on conservation;
  • close to a vulnerable position;
  • little threat.

252 species belonging to this subcategory are listed in the International Red Book. For example, kunonya round-leaved, several types of Eleocarpus, Mexican viburnum, etc.

Endangered plants almost never return to this category, since it is almost impossible to restore the population of endangered plants.

Close to vulnerable


NT status is assigned to animals and plants that may fall into the vulnerability group in the near future, but are not currently subject to any threat. The main criteria for falling into this category are population decline and worldwide distribution.

In 2011, more than 1200 plants had this status.

Species at Least Concern

The LC status is assigned to all other species and plants and animals that are not assigned to any other category. Endangered plants have never been in this category.

Today we will look at the endangered plants of the planet, as well as discuss those that are already - This topic is of interest, especially because a significant part flora endangered by human activities. As a result of human intervention in nature, many representatives of the flora simply die, and some disappear naturally. So what kind of plants are getting smaller? Let's clarify right now.

What plants are disappearing?

Endangered plants from our planet are those that still exist on Earth, but there are so few of them that soon these representatives of the flora may no longer exist.

texas rice

This type of rice grows in swampy areas. Today, it is still found on the coast of the San Marcos River. However, environmental organizations predict its imminent disappearance, as the river becomes very shallow. Relatives of this rice grow in other places on our planet, but it is this species that is in danger.

Rafflesia Arnold

Western steppe orchid

This species is considered one of the rarest in the world. It grows only in the United States of America, in the western part of the country. Refers to swamp species. Some groups of this type of orchid, according to official figures, have a thousand copies. The plant grows on the prairies. The threat of extinction of these orchids is associated with global warming (for the most part), but fires, as well as livestock that graze in the places where the flower grows, also pose a danger.

Zelaipodium Howelli

There are only five populations of this plant in the world. It lives in the US state of Oregon. Defenders environment are extremely concerned about the decline in the number of specimens of a representative of the local flora and now this flower is protected in the reserve.

Stenogin Canejoana

This species grows naturally in mountainous areas on the island of Oahu. On the verge of extinction, the population was due to the healing properties of the plant. Already at the end of the 20th century, Stenogin Kanejoana was considered an almost extinct plant. However, it still exists today. Conservationists are trying to save this species of flora and hope for a positive result. The basis for hope is that the plant is able to grow and reproduce in captivity. Stenogin Kanejoana is surprisingly beautiful - its leaves and elongated white-purple flowers are covered with a delicate fluff.

What plants have disappeared from our planet?

strebloriza

This flower belongs to the legume family. It is known that it grew only in one place on the planet - its habitat was an island located in the South Pacific Ocean - Philip. In the middle of the 19th century, this monotypic plant disappeared forever.

sigillaria

Tree-like Sigillaria existed in the Permian period. They were truly huge in size - they reached a height of about twenty-five meters, and their diameter was one and a half meters. This species grew mainly in swampy places and often formed entire impenetrable thickets.

To date, there is a list of plants that are officially recognized as forever disappeared from our planet. It is called the "Black List". It contains the names and descriptions of representatives of the flora that have disappeared as a result of evolution, as well as those that have been wiped off the face of the Earth by human activity.

What is the danger of extinction of plant species?

There are at least three reasons why plant extinction is a danger or a problem.

1. This means that natural resources are declining.

2. The ecosystem is weakening or destabilizing - each plant is a link in the food chain of other biological species.

3. The extinction of various species entails changes in other populations of plants and animals, because there is a relationship between them.

4. Each representative of the flora on the planet contains a unique biological material with its own set of molecules and properties, losing which humanity may suffer.

Given these factors, people should think about their activities and stop harming nature. Each type of vegetation is important on Earth, is unique and is closely related to all elements of the ecosystem. Protecting natural resources, people care not only about the beauty of our planet, but also about their own health and safety.

There is unusual plants who live 150 years and only at the end of their lives give amazing beautiful flowers. How can representatives of the terrestrial flora surprise?

rare flowers

Edelweiss is the flower of fidelity and love. Its name alone sounds like music. The most touching and gentle, about which there are many legends. The Italians call it the silver flower of the rocks. The French are an Alpine star.

The flower loves the sun, but grows high in the mountains near the snowy edge. It is not given to everyone to see it. The legend says that only a person in whose heart love is pure as dew can find this mysterious flower. It is not enough to be agile and strong in order to climb to the top of the mountain. We must love sincerely and wholeheartedly, be devoted to our beloved.

There were so many people who wanted to get the flower that already in the 19th century it was almost impossible to see it. There were a couple of dozen copies left, which were on the verge of extinction.



In Switzerland, where this flower grew, a special law was issued that prohibited the collection of this plant. Violators faced hefty fines. At the mountain borders, there are special posts that do not allow tourists to the habitats of this flower.

The Chinese mouseflower is the most creepy and disgusting flower that Mother Nature could create. Even at close range, when its petals are closed, it resembles bat, which was attached to a branch for the night. To give it an even creepier look, it has long, ornate tentacles 30-40 cm long that resemble black snakes. The first impression of those who saw it is horror.



It is grown only by extreme flower growers, since not only appearance, but touching it in most people causes a feeling of disgust.

Middlemist red is the rarest flower in the world. There are only 2 copies on the entire globe. British gardener John Middlemist, traveling in China in 1854, was fascinated by a scarlet rose, which he accidentally discovered. He dug up the flower and brought it to Britain to plant in the United Kingdom's greenhouse. He could not even imagine that thanks to this he saved the last copy of the flower in the world. This scarlet rose was named after him.



Our world is extraordinarily rich various types plants, flowers of incredible beauty and mighty ancient trees which are protected all over the world. It depends only on the person that there are as few pages as possible in the Red Book.

rare tree species

The Methuselah pine is the oldest tree in the world. Its age exceeds 4850 years. And she received the name in honor of the biblical character, who was the only long-liver in the whole world.



This majestic tree grows in the USA, in the White Mountains at an altitude of 3000 meters. Its exact location is known only to botanists who monitor the pine. Such secrecy is connected with the fact that to protect this guard from vandalism. After all, there are thousands of tourists who want to take a picture with him or tear off a piece of the bark as a keepsake. Many go to the mountains to find this mysterious tree, but all their attempts end in failure. The Methuselah pine is not a tree, it is a symbol of eternity, which looks like a dead one, but life is hidden in each of its branches.

The tree of life is the loneliest tree in the world. Probably, like life itself, reminiscent of loneliness among a crowd of people. It is the only one on the sands of the endless desert of Bahrain, a hundred kilometers from any vegetation.



He is 400 years old, but the most important thing is not his age or the fact that this is a rare specimen of trees. Scientists are wondering how it is possible to live for so many years in the desert, in the land of which there is absolutely no water, while “radiating” vital energy.

If you “transfer” from far corners of the world to our region, with the greenery of meadows and the noise of birch groves, you can discover amazing and rare plants that are on the verge of extinction.

Interesting plants from the Russian Red Book

The Japanese beard is a beautiful and graceful plant with a large pinkish flower, which is popularly called the Spirit of the Meadows. It got its name because of the petals, which, bending at the bottom of the flower, resemble a gnome's beard.

The beard is a miniature orchid. So soft, graceful and beautiful. The flower can grow alone, modestly "peeping out" from the arrows of the green meadow grasses. But most often the plant forms scatterings of flowers, where there can be up to 60 of them per 1 square meter. The plant is listed in the Red Book and is protected by law.



Rhododendron Fori - a plant with large flowers Pink colour. On one brush can grow up to 15 delicate, with slightly wrapped flower petals. It is called the flower of the gods. Its beauty is compared with the Greek goddesses - graceful, slender, tender. You can admire its beauty endlessly, but only the lucky one can see it.

Legend has it that this flower was given to a man by the Gods, who wanted to win the heart of his beloved. The flower was as beautiful as the girl for whom it was intended. When her betrothed took her to distant lands, rhododendrons bloomed in the fields so that people would remember not only her beauty, but also believe that there is unearthly love in the world.

It can be said about this plant that seeing it is to know the being of life. Understand that life and death are far apart, but at the same time as inseparable as two sisters.

The rarest plant in the world

Puya raimondi is a plant that lives 150 years to gain vitality and die. To die forever, giving the world the unearthly beauty of your flowers.



Growing from a round and huge ball, the plant reaches a height of up to 10 meters. A powerful trunk resembling a tree develops from a thin stem. But the huge "cone", prickly in appearance, resembles a huge flower, which slowly grows in height for 100 years. Having lived for 150 years and gained vital energy, it gives the world a scattering of a thousand flowers and dies. Dies forever.

This plant is truly beautiful, but there are other amazing representatives of the flora. .

04.09.2013

Following and of course, we publish no less rosy top 10 rarest plants in the world which are also endangered plants.

10. Arizona Agave


At the time of 1984, there were approximately 100 copies of this plant. But the Arizona Agave was able to overcome the decline in its population. Although only two species are still extant, both are located in the Tonto National Forest, Arizona. This rare plant grows in the New River and Sierra Ancas mountains. And opens the top 10 the rarest plants.

9. Enrubio

In 1992, there were about 150 of them. This bush, which grows in Puerto Rico, has sharp thorns to keep it from being eaten. It is close to extinction due to grazing animals that eat it.

8. Ouachita Mountain Goldenrod



It is believed that remains from the last ice age remain unknown. The endangered plant species, grows in three counties along the borders of Arkansas and Oklahoma. This plant prefers a cool, humid climate, like on the crests of the Oushito Mountains.


There was evidence that this member of the mint family disappeared in 2000, until a specimen was discovered that confirms the existence of this species. This plant is only found in the Woina Mountains on Oahu. The leaves of Stenogin Kanejoana are quite dense, with down. In 2001, Lyon proved that these plants can be grown in captivity.

6. Howell's Spectacular Thelypody

Zelaipodium Howellii (Thelypodium howellii) is represented by only five populations, all of these rare plants native to northeastern Oregon. At the time of 1999, there were about 30 thousand of these plants, but their number is falling annually due to grass mowing in their habitat.

5. (Texas Wild Rice) Texas Wild Rice


Zizania texana is a species of plant with a rather bleak future. They grow only in the fresh water of the San Marcos River. According to the Center for Plant Conservation, this type of rice is in danger due to the drop in water levels caused by the Spring Lake Dam.

4. Akalifa


Akalifa wigginsii (Acalypha wigginsii) is the native "inhabitant" of a tiny part of the Galapagos Islands. The main reasons for the decline in the population of these plants are construction work and loss of habitat. According to the Galapagos Conservation Trust (British Charitable Foundation), this species is critically close to extinction.



endangered plant Symphyotrichum dahlia (Symphyotrichum georgianum) grows in the southeastern United States. According to Nature Serve, this plant species grew in small tufts, but now there are about 60 populations due to their natural habitat.

2. Rafflesia


This species of the Lyubka family grows only in five US states in the Midwest, and is the rarest plant in the world. The Endangered Species Coalition believes that there are only 172 species in the population of these plants, and four groups of these orchids number 1,000 each. This wetland plant grows in prairie potholes, indentations left by glaciers from the last ice age 20,000 years ago. The main threats to this plant are overgrazing, fires and global warming.

We publish an interesting review of the rarest plants listed in the Red Book of Russia.

Every day rare plants become less and less.

Almost always, the reason that some representatives of the fauna have become smaller is a person and the negative fruits of his activities, deforestation, as well as environmental degradation. The latter is also associated with human activity. People destroy nature, and the state of the atmosphere and many other vital things depend on nature. And even if now we have over 50% of the country's territory - taiga, this does not mean that we should value coniferous forests a little, on the contrary - it is precisely this number of trees and plants that saves the ecology, and if there are fewer of them, the surrounding background will noticeably worsen even compared to today.

But even those who do not always treat the country's green wealth with absolute respect in practice are perfectly aware of the value of this intangible wealth. Well, everyone else is definitely one of the first national treasures that they are proud of is the nature of Russia.

The Red Book contains sections on animals and plants. The volume devoted to rare representatives of the flora of Russia was last reprinted in 2008, the lists are constantly updated, but it is worth considering that the picture is only approximate: it is impossible to establish the number of natural specimens by any method, everything is only approximate, the state of some species cannot be assessed at all. According to the latest edition, the Red Book includes 652 plant species and 24 mushroom species.

Each rare or endangered species of flora has one of 6 statuses: Probably extinct species of Russia‎, Species of Russia with an uncertain status‎, Recovering species of Russia‎, Endangered species of Russia‎, Rare species of Russia‎, Decreasing species of Russia‎.

Many regions of Russia have regional Red Data Books containing information about endangered plants and animals.

The most extensive in terms of the number of species (over 11,400 species) niche of the flora of Russia is vascular plants. It includes all higher plants (terrestrial), except for mosses: ferns, horsetails, psilots, lycopsids, gymnosperms and angiosperms.

“440 species of angiosperms, 11 species of gymnosperms and 10 species of ferns, that is, 4% of the flora, are included in the Red Book. Experts believe that at least 2,000 to 3,000 species of vascular plants are actually exposed to some degree of danger.” .

In addition to the listed plants, some species of lichens, fungi, and mosses are listed in the Red Book of Russia.

vascular plants

“The abundance of vascular plant species listed in the Red Book of Russia is quite original. In addition to the maxima in the centers of increased biological diversity, where species from adjacent territories enter (the Caucasus, the mountains of southern Siberia, Primorye, Sakhalin, and the Kuriles), there are also regional centers that have no analogues in other groups. An increased number of rare plant species is characteristic of the steppe zone (usually 15-30 species), which is undoubtedly due to its deep anthropogenic transformation. A local maximum exists in Chukotka (11 species) due to the penetration of a number of American species here, as well as on the southern shores of the Gulf of Finland and its skeletons (27 species), where a significant number of Western European plants grow. In the vast expanses of Northern Siberia, rare plant species are unknown. The maximum number of rare plant species is observed in the Khanka lowland - 66 and on the western tip of the Russian part of the Caucasus - 65 "(Biofail.ru).

Despite the “medical” name, these are the most understandable, most common plants that surround us from all sides, especially in summer.

Lycopsoid - a department of higher spore plants, similar in structure to mosses.

There are only 4 representatives in the list of lycopsid plants listed in the Red Book of Russia: Asian half-flower, Sea half-flower, Lake half-flower, Bristly half-flower.

The list of angiosperms listed in the Red Book of Russia contains more than 90 items. Some of the most famous:


Pictured Snowdrop flat-leaved

A beautiful flower, fully consistent with the first part of its name, blooms, growing out of the snow, in the spring. Found in Georgia and North Ossetia.


In the photo Volodya Martyanova (rare view)

The plant grows mainly only in Russia, in Altai, in the Sayans.


In the photo Colchicum cheerful

It occurs mainly in the meadows and steppes of Ciscaucasia.


In the photo Rhododendron Schlippenbach (population is declining)

Deciduous shrub, one of the most beautiful of its kind. In Russia, there are specimens only in the Khasansky district in the south of Primorye on the mountain slopes.


In the photo Rhododendron Fori (rare view)


In the photo, Saffron is beautiful

In the photo Lily lanceolate


Pictured is a dwarf tulip


In the photo Magnolia obovate

Flowering plant. In Russia, it is found and feels good on the Black Sea coast of the Caucasus. There are 15 magnolia trees in the Botanical Garden of the Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences in Vladivostok, as well as in the Moscow region, Voronezh, St. Petersburg. However, in colder regions it freezes heavily in winter, it is thermophilic. Decorative breed, deciduous tree with very beautiful flowers that bloom in May-June.


Nut-bearing lotus (one of the rarest and most beautiful flowers)

How lotuses bloom in Russia (Vladivostok) in the plot of the local TV company:

Lotus is found in Russia mainly in the regions neighboring Asia, on Far East in the lower reaches of the Amur, in the Ussuri river basins, on the coasts of the Caspian and Azov seas. Disappears mainly due to careless attitude, for example, the lotus root is considered a delicacy in Chinese cuisine, and therefore the flower is often destroyed for food; near the swamps and on the banks it is eaten by wild boars and cows.


In the photo Mountain Peony


Pictured is Oriental poppy


In the photo Buttercup Sayan.

Despite its prevalence, it is listed in the Red Book as a rare species. It is found mainly in Siberia.


In the photo Violet incised (population is declining)


In the photo Ginseng ordinary

This is very useful plant, it is used in medicine, raw materials from ginseng root have powerful immune-modulating, stimulating properties. Grows mainly in Russian Federation: in the Far East of Russia - in the south of the Khabarovsk Territory, in the Primorsky Territory.

In the list of fern-like plants listed in the Red Book of Russia, there are about 10 plant species, some of the representatives are:


Pictured is Marsilia egyptica (view disappears)


In the photo Juniper high

Symbol of the Crimea.

An evergreen coniferous tree 10-15 meters high, a species of the genus Juniper, Cypress family. In general - a symbiosis of juniper, cypress and pine. Lives on average 2 centuries, distributed in the Crimea, Asia Minor, and the Caucasus. Status - vanishing view.


In the photo Olginskaya larch

It occurs in the south of Primorsky Krai, along the coast and along the eastern foothills of the Sikhote-Alin. Relic breed, occupies less than 1% of the forest area in which it grows. In the Red Book under the status - an endangered species.

Lichens

According to information at the end of 2013, 29 species of lichens are included in the Red Book. What kind of plants are these and where do they most often grow? Lichens are organisms that combine the features and structure of terrestrial algae, fungi, mosses, there are about 25 thousand species in the world. Important for soil formation, deer feed on lichens in the Far North, insects hide and live in dense vegetation, lichens are necessary to maintain the balance of the environment, are used in folk medicine, from some species gourmet dishes are prepared, do not survive in the "dirty" air, and therefore are indicators of the ecological situation.

“Of the approximately 3,000 species of lichens in Russia, 29 are listed in the Red Book. It should be noted that these materials are far from complete. The flora of lichens, the distribution of their individual species for the territory of Russia is far from being studied enough, especially considering their high role in the formation of arctic, subarctic and boreal ecosystems. In addition, lichens are very sensitive to external influences, especially air pollution, which makes them especially vulnerable. The same property makes us consider the group as an important indicator of the general state of the natural environment.

The moss flora in Russia is now estimated at 1370 species, of which 22 are listed in the Red Book of Russia. But the flora of mosses has been studied even worse than that of lichens, so these data are tentative” (Biofile.ru)


In the photo Lobaria pulmonary


In the photo Letaria wolf

mosses

The list of mossy plants listed in the Red Book of Russia includes over 60 items."Mosses are a department of higher plants, numbering about 10,000 species, united in about 700 genera and 110-120 families." Widespread in swampy areas, in coniferous forests. Participate in important natural processes to maintain the balance of the environment of soils, air, water, ecosystems. All plants have their own functions, their place, so even without mosses there would be no peat, there would be no alternative to the most powerful natural sponge that retains a large amount of water, which would negatively affect the state of landscapes as a whole. Some types of mosses are used in medicine for the preparation of medicines. Mosses and lichens play very important roles in soil formation processes.


In the photo, Alaskan Fossombronia (a rare species)


In the photo, Skapania is spherical

Mushrooms

The list of mushrooms listed in the Red Book of Russia includes 17 species. The kingdom of nature, especially the forests of Russia, is inconceivable without mushrooms. And basically, we all sympathize with butterflies, champignons, mushrooms, boletus, but besides them there are a lot of “unsightly”, inedible, moreover, poisonous mushrooms that for some reason take their place in the world of flora. Mushrooms are decomposers (they collect and process dead remains into inorganic compounds), increase soil fertility, are used for food and medical purposes, and can also be harmful (for example, poisoning caused by the use of mushrooms). A lot of inedible mushrooms are listed in the Red Book of Russia (but there are also those allowed to be eaten), which is good: it means that there are plenty of edible ones, you just need to get up earlier during the picking season.


Pictured Amanita pineal


In the photo Sparassis curly (edible)

In the photo, white boletus

On liability for violating the safety of plant specimens listed in the Red Book of the Russian Federation:

“According to the Code of Administrative Offenses of the Russian Federation (Article 8.35), the destruction of rare and endangered plant species listed in the Red Book of the Russian Federation or protected by international treaties, as well as actions (inaction) that may lead to the death of such plants, or the extraction collection, maintenance, purchase, sale or transfer of these plants, their products, parts or derivatives (derivatives) without a proper permit or in violation of the conditions provided for by the permit, or in violation of another established procedure, shall entail the imposition of an administrative fine on citizens in the amount of from one thousand five hundred to two thousand five hundred rubles with or without confiscation of tools for obtaining plants, as well as the plants themselves, their products, parts or derivatives; on officials - from fifteen thousand to twenty thousand rubles with or without confiscation of tools for obtaining plants, as well as the plants themselves, their products, parts or derivatives; for legal entities - from three hundred thousand to five hundred thousand rubles with or without confiscation of tools for obtaining plants, as well as the plants themselves, their products, parts or derivatives.

If the batch is especially large or the collection of rare plants has led to their complete destruction, criminal liability arises.

National programs for the conservation of endangered plant species are implemented in nature reserves, wildlife sanctuaries, national parks; fines and administrative (sometimes criminal) liability are applied for violating the conservation of natural specimens. In total, there are 66 reserves, 103 nature reserves, 47 national parks on the territory of the Russian Federation.