Moral choice

Arguments in the composition of part C of the Unified State Examination in the Russian language on the topic "The problem of happiness (its understanding), the meaning of life"

Text from the exam

(1) The writer lives for them, his readers and viewers. (2) In novels, short stories, stories, the author certainly - sometimes even involuntarily - shares his life experience, his thoughts, sufferings and hopes.

(3) Later, letters can convey to the author the opinion of those for whom all his vigilant thoughts, turmoil, his defenseless frankness, his work. (4) One of the readers in his letter recalls how once in the House of Writers he heard from me the lines of a poem, the author of which I now cannot name with certainty:

(5) And people are looking for happiness, As if there is happiness, happiness ...

(6) Many, many questions from readers can be reduced to such a common semantic denominator: what is the concept of "happiness" in reality? (7) They are also interested in whether I have ever been absolutely happy. (8) I answer immediately and without hesitation: I have never been “absolutely”. (9) As Arkady Isaakovich Raikin said, the most meaningless question is: “Are you all right?” (10) Does anyone ever have everything well?!

(11) And if it suddenly happened ... (12) To feel such boundless, thoughtless and careless happiness is, in my opinion, immoral and sinful. (13) After all, even if everything seems to have turned out well for you, someone at the same time experiences mental and physical anguish ...

(14) The classics of Russian literature penetrated into the depths of universal situations, universal conflicts and psychological cataclysms. (15) They comprehended the incomprehensible complexities of being. (16) What do they think about the happiness so desired by everyone? (17) Pushkin, as you know, wrote: "There is no happiness in the world, but there is peace and freedom." (18) By will, he meant freedom. (19) Lermontov was looking for "freedom and peace" - and this was perhaps his most secret desire. (20) Lermontov was looking for “peace”, but in reality he was likened to that sail that “is looking for storms, as if there is peace in storms!” (21) “We only dream of peace ...” - after many years, Alexander Blok sadly stated. (22) Perhaps, in the second half of the twentieth century, people no longer dream of peace. (23) But still, we crave peace of mind, in which only creative restlessness and beneficial restlessness in any other activity is possible, people need. (24) Worldly prosperity did not visit the immortals often. (25) It is customary to consider Goethe the darling of fate. (26) But Irakli Andronikov showed me Goethe's letter, in which the “darling” says that if there was at least one completely happy month in his life, he would consider his whole life to be happy. (27) Here you have "absolutely"!

(28) On the monument to Father Lermontov in Tarkhany we read:

(29) You gave me life, But you didn’t give happiness.

(30) You yourself were persecuted in the world, You only experienced evil in life ...

(31) It was hard for the immortals. (32) “In life, I only experienced evil ...” ... (33) This also applied to the poet himself. (34) But how much wisdom and light did he give people ?!

(According to A. Aleksin)

Introduction

Happiness is a relative concept that has become the main goal of human existence. No matter how different people may be, everyone strives for happiness: the poor, the rich, the simple worker, and the highly educated professor. Old and young, sick and healthy, smart and stupid... And happiness is different for everyone.

Text problem

What is absolute happiness? What is it like? Is happiness the meaning human life? A. Aleksin reflects on this in his text.

Comment

The author says that writers and poets through their works share their thoughts and doubts, emotional experiences with the reader. People are often interested in creative people, what is happiness, apparently, hoping for their life experience and the ability to see the inner world.

Aleksin is sure that it is impossible to be absolutely happy, that everything can never be good. Even if we assume that absolute boundless happiness has come, how can one feel careless under the condition of suffering and torment of others?

The classics of Russian and world literature had their own idea of happiness - for the majority it is peace and freedom. Although few, more precisely, none of them had to experience happiness in real life. Pushkin, Lermontov, Blok - they all suffered, and magnificent poems filled with the deepest meaning were born from their suffering.

Author's position

According to A. Aleksin, the main goal for an artist, a creative person, is not only to find happiness, but also to help readers in the best understanding of their place in life. This is the meaning of the difficult life of poets, writers, musicians, artists.

own position

I think that bringing light and a better understanding of life is the destiny of not only creative individuals, but also of each of us. Awareness of the positive result of one's actions, efforts, and labors is happiness. Perhaps this is the meaning of our short life - to give birth to another person and help people feel the value of their existence. In other words, true happiness lies in self-realization, in the struggle for the well-being of the surrounding world.

Argument #1

A lot has been written about happiness. One of the most famous was the poem by N.A. Nekrasov "Who is it good to live in Russia". The heroes of the poem, seven men from the surrounding villages, go in search of happy person in Russia.

On the way they meet various heroes: a priest, a landowner, prosperous Russian peasants who live by honor and justice. None of them found happiness in life, each has its own difficulties.

There is no happiness among Russian peasant women either. Matrena Timofeevna is considered lucky by the people, although she works for seven, and in her youth she lost her first-born son.

Unfortunately, Nekrasov did not finish the work. From his draft notes, it becomes clear that Grisha Dobrosklonov, a man who lives for the good of his people, becomes the main “lucky” of the poem.

Argument #2

Another understanding of happiness is presented by L.N. Tolstoy in the epilogue to the novel "War and Peace". All their lives, Andrei Bolkonsky and Pierre Bezukhov were in search of answers to eternal questions: What do we live for? how should one live? is there happiness? what does it consist of?

The moral quest of one ended in death - Prince Andrei died during the war of 1812. And the other found simple human happiness - Pierre married Natasha Rostova, they gave birth to three children, formed a strong family, for which they built later life without fear of problems and difficulties.

Natasha Rostova, a windy girl in her youth, turned out to be a faithful wife and a wonderful mother, she put her personal ambitions on the altar of the needs of her husband's life.

Family is the true pleasure of a person, his meaning of life, his happiness.

Conclusion

Everyone is happy in their own way, everyone has their own ideas about happiness. It is not easy to achieve, for the sake of happiness you need to sacrifice a lot, then a person’s life will become filled with meaning.

Here are collected problems from texts for preparing for the exam, which are most often encountered by applicants. For each of them, selected literary arguments, available for download in the form of a table, link at the end of the article.

N.V. Gogol "Taras Bulba" act of Andriy. Nikolai Vasilyevich Gogol touched on many topics that still seem relevant to us in his work "Taras Bulba". Before the son of Taras, Andriy, there was a choice between love for the girl and love for the motherland, family. And in his case, the first option carried more weight. The young man thought that thanks to his love for the Polish lady, he would be able to justify himself to his father. But his confidence was superfluous, since Taras could never forgive betrayal, and least of all he expected that his son was capable of such an act. After all, Taras also had a choice: he could save his son's life, but drop his own authority, which in a war was like death. Therefore, he kills Andrii, cursing himself for reproducing him into the world.
L.N. Tolstoy "War and Peace" - Andrei Bolkonsky. In the novel "War and Peace" you can find answers to any questions. Just as the Bible once taught people about life, so this work can serve as a guide for those who are full of spiritual quests. The personality of Andrei Bolkonsky in the novel is very multifaceted. His whole life is a daily clash with choice. But probably main question for him was how one should behave in difficult times of war? Bolkonsky came from a noble family, was rich, and could well afford to sit in the rear when others would give their lives on the battlefield. But this man knew what honor and courage are. He always bravely went to the epicenter of battles, at first only for glory, but later he realized that he was really ready to give his life for his Motherland. Bolkonsky fought in the war, not trying to hide behind someone else's back. He was a man who deserved the title of a hero, and did heroic deeds until his death.
Vasil Bykov "Obelisk" - Ales Ivanovich Moroz. In his heroic story "Obelisk" Vasil Bykov tells us the story of a simple school teacher who became a hero during the Great patriotic war. Ales Ivanovich Moroz belonged to this type of teacher who literally lived his own business. His heart always burned with a desire to teach children not only to memorize stupid formulas and rules, but also to be able to think. Naturally, such a person saw in his students much more than just schoolchildren. And in a critical situation, when he was faced with the choice of whether to protect his wards, he did not hesitate for a second. He knew that their lives were in his hands, and it was his duty to save them.

Choice in love

L.N. Tolstoy "Anna Karenina". Probably, every person has ever faced the problem of a love choice. "Anna Karenina" is the most famous love story, where the main character also has to choose. And the decision affected the whole further fate Anna. She hit the intersection of two fires. On the one hand, there was a family - a dearly beloved son, but an unloved husband, and on the other - incredibly deep, passionate feelings for Count Vronsky. The heroine preferred ardent love instead of a quiet and peaceful existence with her family. She loses power, respect in society, turns a blind eye to everything, because she understands that she cannot live life with a cold and prudent person. But Tolstoy shows that even the choice of sincere love can be fatal. Anna falls under the yoke of high society, loses everything that was dear to her, and decides to die so that the pain will finally stop tormenting her every day.
L.N. Tolstoy "War and Peace" - Natasha Rostova. Natalya Rostova is one of those heroines of Russian literature who faced the problem of choice throughout her life. But, probably, the most important choice still concerned love. She, in her childish naivete, decided on a relationship with Anatoly Kuragin, not even suspecting that he could deceive her. Bolkonsky's cold love was not enough to melt her heart, and she makes a big mistake when preparing to run away with Kuragin. Perhaps, if not for this betrayal, their love with Prince Bolkonsky would have continued for a very long time. But Tolstoy thus wanted to show how erroneous fleeting decisions can be, and how much we, at times, can regret them.
A.S. Pushkin "Eugene Onegin" Tatiana. Of course, in the "encyclopedia of Russian life" should be touched upon love theme. The main character Tatyana is faced with a love choice that was connected with her future and past. Having passionately fallen in love with Eugene Onegin, while still very young, she could not think that this handsome and intelligent man could refuse her this feeling. But that's exactly what happens, and it breaks the girl's heart. Many years pass, and Tatyana blossoms, becomes more mature and smart. Marriage with the general brought a lot of new things to her life, the changes were beneficial. When Eugene meets her and now offers his love himself, she refuses. Tatyana understands that it would be stupid to exchange her current quiet life for, perhaps, a moment of happiness with Onegin. In this choice, she is guided only by a cold mind, because her feelings had faded by that time and were not allowed to act recklessly.

F.M. Dostoevsky "Crime and Punishment" Raskolnikov.“Am I a trembling creature, or do I have a right”? - this is the main life question of the poor student Rodion Raskolnikov. This young man, confused in himself, set foot on a very dangerous path, which leads him to even more terrible consequences than ordinary poverty. He chooses to kill, thinking that this step will exalt him, make him a winner, a man to whom everything falls into his hands from heaven. But Rodion did not know how wrong he was. He could not soberly assess himself, and instead of soaring, he fell down like a stone, into the abyss of despair, remorse and constant fear for himself and his loved ones. Dostoevsky was a very good psychologist and wanted to show what can happen to a person who has reached the extreme degree of insanity, and how he will try to survive in these conditions.
N.S. Leskov "Lady Macbeth of the Mtsensk District"". The name of Lady Macbeth has been shrouded in an ominous veil of secrecy since the time of William Shakespeare. Leskov makes the main character of his work even more legendary, because he singles out a whole work for her. Katerina Lvovna faced a moral choice in her life. It was a kind of test for the level of evil that a person can commit. In her case, it turned out to be the maximum. The heroine played so much in love that she does not disdain to bathe in blood for the sake of a few seconds of bliss with Sergey. Many will think that the situation in which Katerina found herself left her no choice, but still the choice was very sinister. Lust and greed added their weight and tempted the woman to take the lives of many people. But, to a greater extent, it was a cold calculation, albeit based on emotional instability.

Choice of life path

A.P. Chekhov "The Man in the Case".Main character The story "The Man in the Case" is a clear example of what kind of lifestyle a person can choose for himself. Someone opens up to everything new and interesting, communicates with people every day and enjoys all the moments of life, while someone closes deep inside himself and does not allow circumstances to change the existing order of things. And at the same time, a person consciously limits himself from everything that can bring joy, literally buries himself alive. Belikov independently takes a brush and paints his life in black and white, fixes the framework of conventions around him, because he believes that everything should happen according to a previously known scenario. Any life shocks and shifts can severely cripple the psyche of people like Belikov, but Chekhov shows an even sadder result in the history of this person.
M.Yu. Lermontov "A Hero of Our Time" This is the first psychological novel, which tells the story of a man with a deep personal tragedy in his soul. Pechorin is an ambiguous character who, although he does not give up all life's pleasures, still chooses cold isolation and solitude for himself. Here we can consider a problem on a deeper scale: the hero chooses loneliness for himself, since collisions with the outside world bring him only misfortunes. In all his life he had no real friends, and in love this man also remained deeply unhappy. His choice fell on a feeling of hatred and contempt for everything that surrounds him, including people. He accepted it, based on the life circumstances that made him the way he eventually appears before the readers.
I.S. Turgenev "Rudin". Turgenev in his novel "Rudin" wanted to show readers the image of a person who is commonly called "superfluous". After all, this is exactly how the protagonist feels throughout all the events of the novel and until the very end, when despair leads him to the barricades. Dmitry Rudin is accustomed to arrogantly and arrogantly treat people who are in his company. Thus, he seems to erect a barrier within himself that does not allow sensitivity to come out into the light. He attaches too great importance his person, because of which many involuntarily imbued him and fell in love. But, the problem is that behind all this hypocrisy and false tirades hid an ordinary self-doubt. He also chose the path of permanently limiting himself from life, because he thought that this would make him happy. Rudin plays with his own life by wearing various masks every day, and as a result, he cannot make important decisions that can completely change his fate. The only truly courageous act of his life is participation in the French Revolution and the desire to die a hero.

From the texts for preparing for the Unified State Examination in the Russian language, we have identified the most relevant and frequently encountered problems related to the meaning of life. For each of them, we have selected interesting arguments from the literature. All of them are available for download in table format, link at the end of the article.

In helping people

The problem of the meaning of life is fully revealed in story by A.I. Solzhenitsyn "Matryonin Dvor". It is in this work main character, not sparing himself, helps people. Throughout her life, Matryona always gave everything she had and demanded nothing in return. Despite the fact that many simply used the kindness of the heroine, she rejoiced every day and was grateful for her life. According to the author himself, it is Matryona who is the real righteous man, on whom absolutely everything rests.
Natasha Rostova, heroine epic novel by L.N. Tolstoy "War and Peace", sees his meaning of life in the family and love for people. Since childhood, she doted on her parents, brothers and sisters. Being a married woman, Natasha gave all her love to her husband, Pierre Bezukhov, and children. Rostova also did not forget about helping strangers. Let us recall the episode after the Battle of Borodino, when the heroine unselfishly helps wounded soldiers and places them at home. Natasha Rostova lives in order to sow kindness, love and affection around her.

in material values

The Famus Society, known for Omedia A.S. Griboyedov "Woe from Wit", considered its meaning of life only material values. Fame, rank, money, position in society - all this plays a major role for them. And to achieve this, they are not afraid to be hypocritical, to commit meanness, to play dirty tricks and gossip. For example, Molchalin deceives the daughter of his boss, pretending to love, just to achieve promotion and patronage. Only one Chatsky understands that these are false values, but secular society refuses to believe it and simply does not accept his point of view.
2. Perhaps story by I.A. Bunin "The Gentleman from San Francisco" is a real example in which the meaning of the hero's life is material wealth. The Nameless Master worked all the time to ensure a happy existence for himself and his family. Precisely existence, since every day was similar to the previous one. The hero did not see the meaning of life in love or family, so their only joint vacation turns into a routine vegetating on the deck, when there is nothing to even talk about. No wonder, because for the hero the most important thing is money, but the wife and daughter cannot talk about them. It is on the example of his hero that the author wants to show how insignificant such a set of life values is. No wonder all the passengers who are obsessed with wealth are sailing on a ship called the Atlantis - they are doomed to death.

In service to the Motherland

For many heroes of Russian literature, the meaning of life lies in serving the Motherland. For example, for Andrey Sokolov from the story of M.A. Sholokhov "The Fate of Man". Upon learning of the beginning of the war, he unconditionally went to the front. Yes, it was difficult for him - several wounds, captivity, but Andrei never thought about betraying his homeland. Even the thought of it disgusted him. Sokolov behaved bravely in the camp as well. Recall the episode when the hero refused to drink with the German commandant Müller. As we can see, the meaning of life for Andrei is his homeland and love for it.
For Vasily Terkin, the hero poems by A.T. Tvardovsky "Vasily Terkin" Motherland is the meaning of life. He is an ordinary soldier who is not afraid to give own life to defeat the enemy. Terkin is brave, agile, courageous and strong. He is not afraid of difficulties, because with the help of his ingenuity he is able to find a way out of any situation. The hero deserves real respect. Vasily Terkin is an example of a true patriot of his country, who is ready for anything for her.

In love

main character dramas A.N. Ostrovsky "Thunderstorm" Katerina considered love to be the meaning of her life. It was this feeling that was inextricably linked with her freedom, which she lacked. All her life, the heroine wanted to love and be loved. However, her husband, Tikhon, did not pay attention to Katerina. Every day the heroine felt more and more unhappy. Only after the appearance of Boris did the heroine realize that she was capable of love. This forbidden connection weighed on Katerina, but she could not do anything, because she so wanted to be loved and in this feeling to find the long-awaited freedom. However, the conflict of feelings and duty led her to the fact that she could not live, abandoning one of the conflicting parties. The woman chose death because she had lost the meaning of life.
The meaning of life in love was seen by the hero stories by A.I. Kuprin "Garnet bracelet". Despite the fact that these feelings were doomed from the very beginning, Zheltkov continued to love Vera with all his heart. He didn't ask for anything in return. For him, the most important thing is her happiness. Zheltkov never allowed himself to cross the line, knowing that Vera was a married woman. By his example, the hero proved that love is stronger than death. When he was forced to give up his feelings, he left this world, because he lived only for the sake of love.

Searching for the meaning of life

In the novel by A. S. Pushkin "Eugene Onegin" The hero spent his whole life looking for his destiny. However, any business brought only boredom and disappointment. He was tired of empty chatter in the world, he set about organizing the economy in the inherited village. But this activity soon ceased to interest him. Friendship and love also did not inspire Eugene. In the end, he realized too late that it was in them that he could find himself. Pushkin leaves the finale open in order to emphasize that the hero has only monotonous lonely wanderings ahead, which there is no point in describing. He lost his meaning of life due to satiety and laziness of the soul.
In the novel by M. Yu. Lermontov "The Hero of Our Time" Pechorin is looking for the meaning of life, but does not find it because of his vices: selfishness, fear of feelings and indifference. Many people go to him with kindness, affection and love, but in return they receive only coldness. Because of this, Grigory Alexandrovich is lonely and powerless to find his destiny. He got lost in the labyrinths of fate and lost hope for a successful outcome. Neither in the service, nor in the family, nor in the work of the hero could not get the satisfaction of his ambitions. Therefore, critics called it " an extra person", which fruitlessly disappeared into oblivion, without applying his skills and knowledge.
In the epic novel "War and Peace" by L. N. Tolstoy one of the characters throughout the story was looking for himself. Pierre Bezukhov tried to find his place in high society, but was convinced of his falsity and hypocrisy. Then he found love, but he was also disappointed in it, having received deception instead of devotion and affection. He even joined a secret society in order to benefit society. However, none of these roles suited him, each of them did not bring complete satisfaction. Only in the bosom of the family, after all his wanderings, he found himself and the meaning of being. Children, marriage, honest work for the good of the people - that's what became Pierre's real destiny.

False meaning of life and the consequences of a mistake

In the work of N. V. Gogol "The Overcoat" the hero lived without realizing why. His existence was but an insignificant stagnation little man in the big city. Therefore, he found its likeness in the recognition of the environment. He wanted to earn it not by merit, but by appearance. New overcoat, as it seemed to him, became an occasion to respect his person. Because of this, he became unnaturally attached to this thing, and even died of grief after losing it. If a person makes a mistake in choosing life guidelines, tragic consequences await him.
In the play by A.P. Chekhov "Uncle Vanya" the hero has worked all his life in the name of false ideals. He and his niece worked for minimal remuneration, and all the remaining money was sent to the girl's father, the husband of Uncle Vanya's late sister. He is a professor, and in his face modest people saw the science itself, which they willingly served. However, a personal meeting with an idol showed them that they had sacrificed everything for the sake of a self-satisfied nonentity. The psychological crisis of Ivan Voynitsky after realizing the falsity of ideals led to the fact that a quiet and timid man tried to kill a relative. However, in the finale, he resigned himself to fate and his deep unhappiness.
In the work of A.P. Chekhov "Ionych" the main character rejects Startsev's offer in order to go to the capital and enter the conservatory. The girl sees the meaning of her life in music. Everyone praised her piano playing, no one doubted her success. But Mademoiselle Turkina actually turned out to be a mediocre pianist. She returned to native city with nothing, but just as diligently studied music, although it no longer mattered. Catherine was disappointed in herself and did not find the strength to find a new incentive to develop.

In the novel by V.A. Kaverin, the question of choice is especially vital future profession for Sanya Grigoriev and his friend Valka Zhukov. Valentin is a boy who is addicted, he is constantly attracted by more and more new areas of knowledge. But in the end he chooses biology and becomes a professor. Sanya takes a very long time to make her choice. While still mute, he repeatedly listened to a letter telling about the expedition of Captain Tatarinov. As a teenager, he gets the idea that it is much easier to reach the North Pole by plane than by dog carts. And that decides his fate. He devotes all his time to the main goal - to become a pilot. Considering himself short, he goes in for sports, trains tirelessly, and prepares to answer all questions about the design of the aircraft. As a result, he becomes a pilot and achieves his goal. So the dream of childhood becomes the meaning of all life.

2. L.N. Tolstoy "Boyhood"

The hero of the autobiographical story Nikolenka Irteniev, on the verge of growing up, faces the choice of the future work of his whole life. Gifted with a rich spiritual world, he dreams of becoming useful and socially significant person. He imagines himself "a great man, discovering new truths for the benefit of all mankind, and with a proud consciousness of his dignity." The main character is preparing to enter the Faculty of Mathematics, only because "the words: sines, tangents, differentials, integrals, etc., are extremely pleasant to me." Subsequently, life will show that the choice made in this way is wrong. Book L.N. Tolstoy urges us to be like a choice life path more responsible.

3. M.A. Bulgakov "The Master and Margarita"

Life is a long journey that you want to go with responsibility for every day. Sometimes on the path of life there are sudden changes, after which a person realizes that the main thing is ahead. This is what happened to the Master. He lived most of his life working in one of the Moscow museums. He was a historian by education and was engaged in translations, as he knew five languages. Once, having won a lot of money, he decided to devote himself to his favorite pastime: writing a novel about Pontius Pilate. Another hero of the novel, Ivan Bezdomny, a writer, even a poet, got involved in Griboyedov, selling his untalented works to Berlioz, using all the benefits of MASSOLIT. But the meeting with Woland, the death of Berlioz, and then the acquaintance with the Master changed Ivan's life, he became a historian, stopped writing his mediocre poems and devoted his life to science: he became an employee of the Institute of History and Philosophy, professor - Ivan Nikolaevich Ponyrev. The full moon worries him every month, but he knows something no one knows. Bulgakov makes it clear that choosing a profession is a complex and not always unambiguous matter.

Even an adult sometimes feels that his life has failed. The work is not to their liking, the profession does not bring the desired profit, there is no love, nothing around portends happiness. But the biggest difficulty is the problem of choosing a life path. Arguments from the literature will help to understand this extremely complex issue. Probably the best example for younger generation- This is Goncharov's novel "Oblomov". The theme of the whole work is the choice of one's place in life. On the fate of several people, the author tells what can happen if you are weak-willed, or vice versa, strong-willed and stubborn. Ilya Oblomov as main character, carries negative traits- inability to work, laziness and stubbornness. As a result, he turns into a kind of shadow, without purpose and happiness. Another example of how inheritance, and not one's own choice, affects a person's life is "Eugene Onegin" by A. S. Pushkin. It would seem, what else does a young nobleman need? Carefree life, balls, love. But Onegin is not satisfied with such a life. He protests against the established secular life, against the moral norms of his time, for which many consider him an eccentric. Onegin's main task is to find new values, the meaning of his life.

What to do with a profession Another insoluble problem of the younger generation is the problem of choosing a profession. Arguments can be given by completely different parents, offering their child the best, in their opinion, occupation in life. Moms and dads are forced to go to study where their child does not want to go at all. They argue their position in different ways: it is profitable to be a doctor, it is prestigious to be a financier, a programmer is in demand, and a poor teenager just wants to become a machinist. An example of the fact that it is not enough to choose a good profession to your liking, but you also need to develop your skills, is given by A.P. Chekhov in the story "Ionych". Especially if you are a doctor. So it was with the main character Ionych. He conscientiously worked, helped people, until he became morally obsolete. He did not follow the latest in pharmacology, was not interested in new methods of treatment. The moral of the work: the right choice of profession is only half the success, you need to improve your skills and talent.

Literature teaches us humanity, mercy, the most best examples leads M. Sholokhov. He has several stories from where you can draw theses about mercy and humanity. This is the "Science of Hate", "The Fate of Man". The problem of choice arose among the heroes of the epic novel by M. Sholokhov " Quiet Don". The action takes place during the years of the revolution, and the main characters have to sacrifice something in the name of the revolution. The problem of choice also appeared before the heroes of Bulgakov's novel The Master and Margarita. This is an excellent work in which the branches of good and bad deeds are very skillfully intertwined. And one more story that I would like to remember in this context. This is Gorky's "Old Woman Izergil". The brave hero Danko tore out his heart from his chest in order to save people, thanks to which the path was lit up, and everyone was saved.

And in the end, I would like to say that each work makes us think about life and our life path.

words.

Independence era man

Every person needs spiritual activity. Creativity is a spiritual activity. Structure spiritual world a person contains: faith, feelings, emotions, intellect, etc.
Independence is the quality of a person-personality. Every person has their own opinion. So, having your own opinion and needing to personify your spiritual needs, you can reach many peaks in creativity. write interesting and educational books, articles. Transmit and give helpful tips.
In general, each person is talented in his own way. If a group of people, for example, take the same topic for reflection or writing an essay, then everyone will reveal it in their own way, starting from their own opinion and worldview. It follows from this that no absolute truth, there are points of view, and everyone is right in their own way.
Now imagine for a moment that a person does not have an opinion or is not allowed to express it: What will come of this? In my opinion, nothing good, and I think many will agree with me.
Here's a question to think about: Is it possible to write a book or an article if you don't have independence and an opinion to speak out? Of course not! It's impossible!
Fortunately, we have a free country and freedom of speech. And everyone has the right to express their point of view and their thoughts. This gives rise to disputes and creativity of reflection, without which it is impossible to do without. And we come to where we started. “Independence and freethinking are the essence of creativity.”