The Sacred Ideal of Motherhood Madonnas of the Titans of the Renaissance

The art of the High Renaissance brought a different understanding of female beauty than in other eras. Titans of the Renaissance Leonardo yes

Vinci, Michelangelo Buonarroti, Raphael Santi, Titian create the image
a perfect man, beautiful both physically and spiritually. The embodiment of this ideal is
Madonna with baby Jesus is an exalted symbol of motherhood and sacrificial love for people.
Leonardo da Vinci (1452-1519)
painter, sculptor, architect, scientist, anatomist,
naturalist, inventor, writer, musician,
Benois Madonna, 1478 hermitage Museum

"Madonna Litta" is the pearl of the Hermitage collection. In the picture, young Mary carefully holds the baby in her arms. Her bowed profile

full of exceptional beauty and nobility. downcast eyes
and a barely noticeable smile give the Madonna an unusual expressive warmth, illuminate her
light maternal feeling. The artist managed to convey his idea of ​​happiness, earthly joy
being and the sacredness of the mother's feelings.
Madonna Litta, 1490, Hermitage
Madonna of the Rocks, 1483-1486, Louvre,
Paris

The Sistine Madonna brilliantly embodies the idea of ​​motherhood, an earthly, realistic depiction of a woman mother. She just

took a step towards people. Her movement is calm and majestic, there is nothing in it
hasty and fussy. She slightly draws the baby to her, as if afraid to part with him, and at the same time
stretches it out to people. In this contradictory gesture of the mother, the deep tragedy of what is happening is hidden.
Raphael Santi (1483-1520)
painter, graphic artist and architect
"Sistine Madonna", 1515-1519,
Gallery of Old Masters, Dresden, Germany

"Madonna del Granduca", ca. 1505,
Palazzo Pitti, Florence, Italy
"Madonna in an armchair", 1513-1514,
Palazzo Pitti, Florence, Italy

Raphael wrote more than 20 Madonnas, but the earliest work is the Conestabile Madonna. Against the backdrop of a landscape, a young woman is depicted with

child in arms. A pensive, slightly sad face is turned to the book of the Holy
Scriptures. With a distracted look, she glides her eyes over long-familiar lines. Meanwhile, a playful child
tends to turn the pages of the book. The young mother and child are surprisingly touching and kindhearted. Raphael
masterfully inscribes the figures of the Madonna and the child in a very complex form of tondo (Italian “circle”). At the same time, he
observes all the laws of perspective, without violating the natural forms of visual perception of the world.
beautiful gardener
Madonna Conestabile. 15021503 Hermitage, St. Petersburg

Sacred face of the Mother of God

Icon of Our Lady of Vladimir, XII century, unknown
Byzantine master.
Church of St. Nicholas in Tolmachi at the State Tretyakov Gallery, Moscow
Theophanes the Greek. Icon "Our Lady
Donskaya, 14th century, State Tretyakov Gallery, Moscow

The eyes of the Mother of God are full of a feeling, which in the Middle Ages was defined as "the joy of holy sorrow." The baby gently cuddles

face to the mother's cheek and wraps her arm around her neck.
“Not on the throne, on her hand, hugging her neck with her right hand, gaze into her gaze, cheek to cheek .... No in
worlds more dazzling than a miracle, a revelation of pure beauty.

In ancient Russian art, the image of the Virgin is associated with the cult of Mother Earth. Both have common principles of holiness and motherhood.

“The incomparable, eternal song of motherhood,” said Igor Emmanuilovich Grabar about the icon “Our Lady of Vladimir”. In Old Russian
iconography distinguishes 4 types of images of the Virgin.
Our Lady of the Sign, signifying
Our Lady of Oranta praying with
the birth of the Savior, the incarnation
hands raised to the sky.
new life

Our Lady of Eleusa, tenderness,
caressing and hugging
Son.
Our Lady Hodegetria
guidebook pointing to
Jesus Christ sitting in her arms.

Kuzma Sergeevich Petrov-Vodkin (1878-1939)

Self-portrait, 1918
"Our Lady Tenderness of Evil Hearts",
1914-1915

"1918 in Petrograd" ("Petrograd Madonna"), 1920 State Tretyakov Gallery, Moscow

Young woman with a baby
hands
pictured
on the
background
revolutionary Petrograd. Kudato
hurry
passers-by
someone
stops at the walls of the building.
To discuss the decrees of the new
authorities. But it's just random
temporary background. Not by chance
the woman stands with her back to the city.
The main thing for her is taking care of the child,
its present and future.

The theme of motherhood sounds differently in the works created during the Great Patriotic War. Artists from the early days

wars have refuted the saying of the ancient Romans: “When the cannons rumble,
the muses are silent. In the harsh years, the maternal call for the defense of the Fatherland sounded like never before. Impossible
forget the direct open look of a woman, directed at the viewer with imbued with strength and
mobilizing poster by Irakli Moiseevich Toidze "The motherland is calling!". "Native land in
danger!" This is how the poster was received. The gesture of the raised hand recalled the famous image of the Mother of God
Oranta, praying for the salvation of mankind.

A woman, clutching a child to herself, is ready with her breasts, with her life, to protect her daughter from the bloody bayonet of a fascist rifle. One of

of the most emotionally powerful posters was published by the 14 millionth
circulation. The front-line soldiers saw in this angry, rebellious woman their mother, wife, sister, and in
frightened defenseless girl - a daughter, a sister, a blood-drenched homeland, her future.
"Warrior of the Red Army, save!", Viktor
Koretsky, 1942

Kazakova Yana

Secret female beauty worries mankind throughout the history of its existence. There is hardly an artist or writer who would not try to comprehend this secret, but each one discovered it in his own way. The main and unchanged in this comprehension was the ideal of motherhood, the sacred bonds of love between mother and child. From the sculptures of the first artists of the Earth, the madonnas of the titans of the Renaissance, the icon-painting faces of the Virgin, inspired musical and artistic hymns to the mother woman to the works contemporary artists- this is the way to comprehend the ideal of female beauty and charm.

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Municipal educational institution

"Obshiyarskaya basic comprehensive school"

Volzhsky municipal district

Republic of Mari El

Interdistrict scientific and practical conference

"My clan is my people"

Section Art History

The image of a woman-mother in the art of different eras

Research

Kazakova Yana Vladimirovna

8th grade student

MOU "Obshiyarskaya OOSh"

Supervisor:

Pavlova Tatyana Arkadievna

teacher of Russian language and literature

Field, 2016

1. Introduction……………………………………………………………………… 1-4

2. Main part…………………………………………………………….5-17

2.1 "Venuses" of the first artists of the Earth……………………………………5-6

2.2 The sacred face of the Mother of God…………………………………………………6-7

2.3. The majestic Slav in the work of A.G. Venetsianova…………………...7-10

2.4. Mother Woman in the Art of the 20th Century…………………………………….10-12

2.5. Toidze “The Motherland Calls”……………………………………………...12

2.6. Mother in the work of Russian poets N.A. Nekrasov and S. Yesenin…….13-15

2.7. The image of a woman-mother in the art of the Republic of Mari El…………15-16

2.8. The study of knowledge about the image of a woman in art………………..17

3. Conclusion……………………………………………………………………18-19

4. References………………………………………………………...20

Introduction

The mystery of female beauty has disturbed humanity throughout the history of its existence. There is hardly an artist or writer who would not try to comprehend this secret, but each one discovered it in his own way. The main and unchanged in this comprehension was the ideal of motherhood, the sacred bonds of love between mother and child. From the sculptures of the first artists of the Earth, the madonnas of the titans of the Renaissance, the icon-painting faces of the Virgin, inspired musical and artistic hymns to the mother woman to the works of contemporary artists - this is the way to comprehend the ideal of female beauty and charm.

Relevance my work is that it deals with an inexhaustible theme carried through the ages. And in our time, a woman remains the standard of beauty, tenderness, a symbol of motherhood, a muse for poets, musicians, painters, sculptors and other artists.

Research Form- theoretical.

Research hypothesis- the image of a woman-mother is the ideal of female beauty and charm throughout the existence of mankind.

object research is the comprehension and reflection of the ideal of motherhood in various historical formations.

Subject of study- the image of a woman-mother in various types art

Target: Revealing the features of comprehending the secret of female beauty, reflected in the image of a woman-mother, in different periods of history;

Tasks:

  1. Examine the image of a mother in different types art
  2. Assist in the formation of personality through research activities;
  3. To form the skills of public speaking, conducting scientific controversy;

The main methods of this research are:

analysis and synthesis;

observation;

comparison;

data visualization.

Expected results:possession of information about the embodiment of the image of a woman-mother in various types of art and the skills of elementary research activities.

2. Main body

The image of a woman-mother through the ages

After analyzing a large number of reproductions, images of sculptures, we noted a certain pattern: despite the differences in the understanding of female beauty, artists and sculptors of different eras use similar images. These include:

1. "Venus" of the first artists

2. The sacred face of the Mother of God

3. Madonnas of the Titans of the Renaissance

4. The majestic Slav in the work of A.G. Venetsianova

5. Mother woman in 20th century art

6. The image of the mother in literature (on the example of N. Nekrasov and S. Yesenin)

7. The image of a woman-mother in the art of the Republic of Mari El.

2.1 "Venus" of the first artists of the Earth

During archaeological sites in different countries more than one hundred and fifty small female figurines were found in the world, to which scientists gave a code name"Paleolithic Venuses". These stone sculptures 5-10 centimeters high did not embody the grace and harmony of the female body, on the contrary, they looked extremely primitive and even rude. Their faces were replaced by a smooth bulge without drawing individual features, hands and feet were barely outlined or absent at all, the torso was unnecessarily elongated. Special attention given to the image of everything that emphasizes the feminine: exorbitantly large breasts and hips, a huge bulging belly in which new life. The complex patterns of women's hairstyles are carefully drawn. What's the matter here? Why did these figurines still have such a poetic name? Let's not rush to conclusions and assessments. Let's try to understand our own kind, mentally accepting their point of view. The fact is that in the primitive era, a woman-mother was surrounded by a special Halo of hopes and ideal thoughts. In society, there was a cult of the Woman, who embodied the idea of ​​motherhood and procreation. The ideas of fertility and the protection of the hearth were also associated with the woman. So the Paleolithic Venuses contained not only magical and cult meanings, but also the aesthetic ideal of our distant ancestors. Each of these images is a real hymn to a woman-mother, the successor of the human race.

2.2 Sacred face of Our Lady

medieval art European countries today it is impossible to imagine without a widely captured image of the Mother of God. In Western Europe, he was associated with the cult of the Madonna, and in Russia - with the Mother of God, who was perceived as a patroness and protector. native land, the intercessor of people before God. One of the best early examples of Byzantine painting wasIcon of Our Lady of Vladimir, created in Constantinople in the XII century. Then she was brought to Russia and since then has not left the borders of the Russian land. Many legends are associated with this icon. According to an old custom, she was carried on a sleigh in the summer. A few versts from Vladimir, horses suddenly stood up, and no force could move them. Replaced the horses - they stood rooted to the spot. Since then, they have decided: the icon will remain on this earth. A huge Assumption Cathedral was built in Vladimir and this amazing icon was placed in it. Many times she rescued and protected the Russian people on the battlefields and in labor deeds. The eyes of the Mother of God are full of a feeling that in the Middle Ages was defined as "the joy of holy sorrow." These words very accurately convey its main meaning. What is destined from above will be accomplished. The future is inevitable. The baby gently presses his face against the mother's cheek and wraps his arm around her neck. Children's eyes are fixed on Mary, as if they are looking for protection from her. With her left hand, Maria holds the child, trying to timidly protect him from the fate prepared for her. On her stern face, full of spiritual nobility and mute reproach, anxiety and sadness lurked. With all the maternal tenderness in her appearance, one feels the consciousness of inevitable sacrifice. "Vladimir Mother of God" - one of the the best works medieval art, which the artist I.E. Grabar rightly called "the incomparable, wonderful, eternal song of motherhood." In ancient Russian art, the image of the Mother of God was associated with the cult of Mother Earth; both had common principles of holiness and motherhood. “The first mother is the Most Holy Theotokos; the second mother is the damp earth, ”says folk wisdom. In the mind of a Russian person, the image of the Mother of God has always been surrounded by an aura of purity, holiness and sacrificial love. Old Russian iconography includes many images of the Mother of God, but they all date back to four main types: The Omen (signifying the birth of the Savior, the incarnation of a new life), the Mother of God Orante (“praying” with hands raised to the sky), Hodegetria (“guidebook” pointing to the baby Jesus sitting in her arms) and Eleusa (“tenderness”, caressing and embracing her Son). The true masterpieces of ancient Russian icon painting include"Our Lady of the Don"created in the 14th centuryTheophanes the Greek.It received this name in connection with the victory of the troops of Prince Dmitry Donskoy on the Kulikovo field. Warmed by a deep human feeling, the Don Mother of God, like the Vladimir Mother of God, is an expression of the boundless maternal love to the Son, who in the future awaits martyrdom in the name of the salvation of mankind. In the meantime, she carefully and affectionately holds him in her arms. The stingy colorful range, which is dominated by soft, dark tones, still creates a feeling of calm, quiet and bright joy.

2.3. The majestic Slav in the work of A.G. Venetsianova

Recognized portrait painter, academician of painting A.G. Venetsianov (1780-1847), at the age of 44, feeling dissatisfaction and the need to work differently, unexpectedly leaves St. Petersburg and settles in the wilderness of Tver. In his autobiographical notes, he later explains his step: “In order to devote himself more fully to painting from originals of nature ... he left for his village, there he took up the unconditional attention of nature ...” He really felt like a free artist, independent of the requirements and desires of customers. He began to paint simple Russian peasant women, busy with their usual and difficult work. Far from the noisy city life, the artist developed his own idea of ​​the ideal of female beauty, in many respects different from generally accepted norms. He painted "Reaper", "Nurse with a Child", "Girl with Cornflowers", "Pelageya (Girl with a Scythe and a Rake)", "Girl in a Headscarf" - a lot of paintings, where in the guise of a majestic Slav woman, he emphasized the spiritual beginning and bright personality . The choice of such topics could be explained by the author's desire to emphasize that it was the woman, despite all the hardships of life, who was and remained the keeper of the best traditions of peasant life. And here is another painting by A.G. Venetsianov, created in the same years -“In the harvest. Summer",on which he captured the peasants during the summer field work. The sun beats mercilessly, sheaves of golden rye stand in rows, the hills turn green on the horizon... In the center of the picture is a female reaper with a child in her arms. Having settled down to rest on a high platform, she affectionately hugs the baby, forgetting about fatigue. A.G. Venetsianov came out of the people and always remained inside them. And when he received academic titles; and when he ridiculed nobles in his satirical sheets; and when to last day his life arranged the life of the peasants, treated and taught them in his Safonkovo; when he dressed and fed indigent serfs capable of arts in his school ... And when, unlike the “divine” Karl Bryullov, who stunned the landowner Engelhardt with lofty phrases, he quickly and simply agreed how much he would give T. Shevchenko ... Picture “In the harvest. Summer" belongs to those masterpieces that have enduring value and to this day give the audience a genuine aesthetic pleasure. This is a truly Russian landscape, it is in this picture that nature is presented to the artist, in the words of the poet, as “a haven of tranquility, work and inspiration.” The plot of the painting “In the Harvest” is drawn from everyday folk life. However, A.G. Venetsianov least of all set out to depict this life in its everyday aspect, and this conclusion is confirmed by the complete absence of household accessories on the canvas. The picture has the subtitle "Summer", which perfectly expresses the general mood of the whole work. Hot July afternoon. Nature, as it were, froze in its solemn peace: the hot air is motionless, the thick dark golden rye does not move. The viewer seems to hear this ringing silence reigning over the fields. The sky has risen high above the flattened earth, and "some kind of quiet play of clouds" is taking place on it. At the first glance at the picture, we see only the figure of a peasant woman, and only then we notice in the background the figures of other reapers. Wrapped in a haze of hot air, they seem to dissolve in an endless space. The impression of aerial immensity, of the length of the fields is created by the alternation of plans that rise to the hilly horizon lines, rising one after the other. Not without reason, many art historians note that the paintings of A. G. Venetsianov are permeated with a single rhythm like musical works. In the canvas “In the harvest. Summer ”(as in the painting“ On Plowed Field. Spring ”), the main motive unfolds in the foreground, and then repeats rhythmically several times, like a refrain in a song. Calmly and naturally, straightening her overworked back, a woman sits, placing a sickle beside her. Her stately, majestic figure, shrouded in dense sultry air, is illuminated by the hot rays of the midday sun. A peasant woman, feeding a child clinging to her, sits in profile to the viewer, on a hill, from where a view of the boundless fields opens - either generously flooded with the sun, then slightly shaded by silver-white clouds slowly floating across the high sky.

above everything around, however, it is organically connected with the landscape and the ongoing action by the bonds of inseparable unity. But nature in the paintings of A. G. Venetsianov is not just an arena of human labor, it does not act as violence against nature, distorting its natural appearance. From the point of view of the artist, human labor is a continuation of the vital activity of nature, with the only difference being that it turns from spontaneous into rational. And man, thus, appears as a nature that understands itself, it is in this sense that he is the “crown of creation”. The background is excellently painted - a field with sheaves and figures of reapers, and above them - a high sky with melting clouds. The sun is behind the peasant woman, and thanks to this, her face and most of the figure are shaded, and this makes it possible to generalize the forms and reveal clean and smooth lines in her silhouette A. G. Venetsianov had a rare poetic gift, he knew how to find poetry in everyday worries and troubles man in his work and life. The words spoken by Gogol about A.S. are fully applicable to him. Pushkin. Like the works of Pushkin, “where Russian nature breathes in him”, so the paintings of A.G. Venetsianov "can be completely understood only by one whose soul carries within itself purely Russian elements, to whom Russia is the homeland, whose soul ... is tenderly organized and developed in feelings."

2.4. The mother woman in the art of the 20th century

In the art of the 20th century, the eternal theme of motherhood sounded in a completely new way, glorifying the deepest and most sincere human feelings. She found the brightest artistic embodiment in the work of the artistK.S. Petrova-Vodkina(1878-1939). The creation of the best works on this subject was preceded by acquaintance with the canvases of the Italian masters of the Renaissance, and in particular with the masterpieces of ancient Russian icon painting. Truly Russian, national traditions are reflected in such paintings as "Mother" (1913; 1915), "Our Lady Tenderness of Evil Hearts" (1914-1915). After the October Revolution, Petrov-Vodkin strives to realize the new relationship between man and the world, to feel the harmony of "planetary existence". In the stormy, impetuous stream of life, the words sounded with hope for the artist:

It will be a wonderful life! Wonderful Life will.Convinced that “a Russian person, despite all the torment, will arrange a free, honest life,” the artist tries to find its main support. Your understanding of what is happening historical events he will embody in glorified"Petrograd Madonna"(1920). How similar and unlike the usual images of the Madonnas the heroine of the artist's painting! Who is she? A worker of revolutionary Petrograd, the Mother of God from ancient Russian icons, or the Madonna of the Renaissance? Probably, both that, and another, and the third. She really absorbs past, present and future times, embodies many of the faces of famous Madonnas. A young woman with a child in her arms is depicted against the backdrop of revolutionary Petrograd, where a new era of human history began. Passers-by hurry somewhere, someone stops at the walls of buildings to discuss pasted decrees of the new government. But all this is just a temporary background for the main image of a woman-mother. It is no coincidence that she has her back turned to the city. Her main concern is for the child, for his present and future. A full-blooded female image with complete completeness was determined in the painting "Mother" in 1915. Peasant women from the canvases "Mother" of 1913 or "Mother" of 1915 personified the beginning of life's fullness. The idea of ​​chaste austerity and purity was associated with a feeling of deep of blue color. The mother in the picture of Petrov-Vodkin is a young woman with steep shoulders and a stately neck. Her calico skirt, which occupies the entire bottom of the picture, is flaming and sonorous and hot. The sloping lines of the wall, the windows, and the shrine only enhance the almost statuary density of her figure, the charm of her simple folk and, at the same time, almost “royal” posture. And most importantly, the very expression of the mother’s “face” has changed decisively. The slightly “lean-humble” expression of the peasant “Mother” of 1913, with her “drowsy-drowsy” look from under semicircular eyebrows, has been replaced by a more open and bold expression. one turn of the head is worth it - so beautiful and free, as if liberating from something burdensome or fettering!Initially, this painting was solved in everyday terms, but after visiting the first large exhibition of cleared icons provided by private collectors in 1913, the artist resolutely rebuilt and composition, and the color of the picture. A mother in a pink sweater and a red skirt sits with a child in her arms against the backdrop of the Volga steppes that go into the depths. The beautiful image of a woman, a simple Russian peasant woman, is presented as a generalized image of maternal love and human happiness. This theme is interestingly embodied in picture"Mother" of the artist AL. Deineka (1899-1969). Her composition is surprisingly simple: on a smooth dark background, a close-up of a woman with a sleeping child in her arms is depicted. In the guise of a mother, the majestic posture of Venetian peasant women, tender, quivering feelings for the baby clinging to her shoulder are conveyed. Contrasting the boy's fragile body, washed out by sleep, with the strong and strong figure of the mother, the artist seeks to emphasize the inextricable spiritual connection between them, the mother's readiness to protect the child from any life's adversities.

2.5. I.M.Toidze “The motherland calls”.

In the harsh years of military trials, a maternal call was made to defend the Motherland. It is impossible to get away from the direct open look of a woman-mother. The gesture of the raised hand reminds many of the well-known image of Our Lady Organa, praying for the salvation of mankind.

Output: At all times, artists sang the beauty of a woman. But it was the image of a woman-mother that was the ideal of female beauty.

In printed literature, which for obvious reasons was at first reserved for members of the upper classes, the image of the mother remained in the shadows for a long time. Perhaps the named subject was not considered worthy of a high style, or perhaps the reason for this phenomenon is more simple and natural: after all, then noble children, as a rule, were taken to educate not only tutors, but also nurses, and children of the nobility, in contrast to peasant children were artificially separated from their mother and fed on the milk of other women; therefore, there was a - albeit not quite conscious - dulling of filial feelings, which ultimately could not but affect the work of future poets and prose writers.

It is no coincidence that Pushkin did not write a single poem about his mother and so many lovely poetic dedications to his nanny Arina Rodionovna, whom, by the way, the poet often called tenderly and carefully - "mother".

2.6. Mother in the work of the Russian poet N.A. Nekrasov and S. Yesenin.

Mother ... The dearest and closest person. She gave us life happy childhood. The mother's heart, like the sun, shines always and everywhere, warming us with its warmth. She is our best friend, a wise adviser. Mother is our guardian angel.

That is why the image of the mother becomes one of the main ones in Russian literature already in the 19th century.

Truly, deeply, the theme of the mother sounded in the poetry of Nikolai Alekseevich Nekrasov. Closed and reserved by nature, Nekrasov literally could not find enough bright words and strong expressions to appreciate the role of his mother in his life. Both the young man and the old man, Nekrasov always spoke of his mother with love and admiration. Such an attitude towards her, apart from the usual sons of affection, undoubtedly followed from the consciousness of what he owed her:

And if I shake it off easily over the years
From the soul of my pernicious traces
Correcting everything reasonable with your feet,
Proud of the ignorance of the environment,
And if I filled my life with struggle
For the ideal of goodness and beauty,
And wears the song composed by me,
Living love deep features -
Oh, my mother, I am inspired by you!
saved in me living soul you!

First of all, being a highly educated woman, she introduced her children to intellectual, in particular literary, interests. In the poem "Mother" Nekrasov recalls that as a child, thanks to his mother, he became acquainted with the images of Dante and Shakespeare. She also taught him love and compassion for those “whose ideal is reduced grief,” that is, for serfs.

The image of a woman - a mother is vividly represented by Nekrasov in many of his works "In full swing the village suffering", "Orina, the soldier's mother"

Poem "Listening to the horrors of war"

Nekrasov traditions in the image of the bright image of the mother - a peasant woman in the lyrics of S.A. Yesenin.

A bright image of the poet's mother passes through Yesenin's work. Endowed with individual traits, it grows into a generalized image of a Russian woman, appears even in the youthful poems of the poet, as a fabulous image of the one who not only gave the whole world, but also made happy with the gift of song. This image also takes on the specific earthly appearance of a peasant woman, busy with everyday affairs: “Mother can’t cope with grips, bends low ...”

Fidelity, constancy of feelings, cordial devotion, inexhaustible patience are generalized and poeticized by Yesenin in the image of a mother. "Oh, my patient mother!" - this exclamation escaped from him not by chance: the son brings a lot of unrest, but the mother's heart forgives everything. So there is a frequent motive for Yesenin's son's guilt. On his trips, he constantly recalls his native village: it is dear to the memory of youth, but most of all, the mother yearning for her son attracts him there.

"Sweet, kind, old, tender" mother is seen by the poet "at the parental dinner." The mother is worried - the son has not been at home for a long time. How is he in the distance? The son tries to reassure her in letters: “There will be time, dear, dear!” In the meantime, "evening unspeakable light" is streaming over the mother's hut. The son, "still as gentle", "dreams only of how soon from the rebellious longing to return to our low house." In the "Letter to the Mother" filial feelings are expressed with piercing artistic power: "You are my only help and joy, you are my only inexpressible light."

Yesenin was 19 years old when, with amazing penetration, he sang in the poem "Rus" the sadness of maternal expectation - "waiting for gray-haired mothers."

The sons became soldiers, the royal service took them to the bloody fields of the world war. Rarely-rarely come from them "doodles, deduced with such difficulty," but they are all waiting for their "frail huts", warmed by a mother's heart. Yesenin can be placed next to Nekrasov, who sang "the tears of poor mothers."

They can't forget their children
Those who died in the bloody field,
How not to raise a weeping willow
Of their drooping branches.

2.7. The image of a woman-mother in the art of the Republic of Mari El

The sculpture "Virgin Mary with the Christ Child" (November 30, 2007 in Yoshkar-Ola) is located on the Square of the Republic and the Blessed Virgin Mary.

People's Artist of Russia A. Kovalchuk.

Virgin Mary (Virgin Mary) - in Christianity, the earthly mother of Jesus Christ, one of the most revered personalities and the greatest of Christian saints. In Orthodoxy, Catholicism and a number of other churches, it is revered as the Mother of God (Mother of God), the Queen of Heaven, the Blessed Virgin, the Madonna.

The sculpture was created according to all the traditions of the Russian Orthodox school and is a two-figure composition - the Mother of God, blessing the inhabitants of Mari El, with the Christ child in her arms. The image of the Mother of God with the Child is identical to the icon of the Sovereign Mother of God, but on the sculpture the Mother of God does not have a scepter, orb and crown. Height - about 3 meters, material - bronze. A marble slab with a prayer is attached to the pedestal: “Oh, Blessed Virgin Mary, save and preserve our Mari Land”

Memorial complex "Grieving Mother" (Memorial sculpture "Grieving")It was erected in 2002 near the complex of buildings of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Republic of Mari El on Komsomolskaya Street, 137. The memorial is a tribute to the memory of the employees of the Ministry of Internal Affairs who died in the line of duty. The complex consists of the memorial sculpture “Grieving”, which is a half-figure of a grieving mother, bowing her head and folded her hands in a prayer gesture, as well as a brick wall with commemorative plaques, on which the surnames, names, patronymics and years of life of Soviet and Russian employees of internal organs are immortalized. cases of the Republic of Mari El, who died in the line of duty. On the last board is the inscription:

A study of the knowledge of students of our school about the image of a woman-mother in the art of different eras.

We wanted to know what the students of our school know about this topic. We conducted a sociological survey among students (grades 5-9)

They were asked the following questions:

1. What works can you name that talk about the mother?

2.Which of the artists depicted Madonnas and women with a child in their arms?

3. A woman is a mother in the art of our republic.

The results of the survey showed that only 30% of students gave an answer to 1 question.

Mostly poets were called -N. Nekrasov, S. Yesenin, A. Pushkin.

Question 2 was answered by 20% of school students. The answers were Leonardo da Vinci, Rafael Santi.

About 10% answered question 3 correctly. It was called mainly the monument to Peter and Fevronia in the city of Yoshkar-Ola.

Output: Our research has shown that knowledge about the image of a woman-mother in works of art is, unfortunately, at a low level.

Conclusion

The data obtained allow us to draw the following conclusions:

The main and unchanged in comprehending the secret of female beauty has remained throughout all epochs the ideal of motherhood, the sacred bond between mother and child. image of a mother woman eternal image. This is a kind of moral tuning fork for the art of any era, any people.

Painters and sculptors of different eras used similar images: the image of a nursing mother, a woman-mother with a child in her arms, a family portrait.

Primitive artists sang not the grace and stateliness of the female body, but paid special attention to the depiction of everything that emphasizes the feminine: exorbitantly large breasts and hips, a huge bulging belly in which new life is ripening.

The image of a nursing mother originates in the primitive world and passes through all subsequent eras. In the Middle Ages, the image of a woman-mother with a child in her arms in European art was associated with the image of the Madonna, and in ancient Russian - with the image of the Virgin.

Old Russian iconography includes a large number of images of the Mother of God, which can be conditionally divided into four types:

1) Sign; 2) Oranta; 3) Hodegetria; 4) Yelesua.

The image of a woman-mother with a child in her arms has become a household word: such images are increasingly called Madonnas. When depicting the Madonna, artists often added a bird, a vase of flowers, or some other object, and also depicted her surrounded by saints or angels;

Later Madonnas are distinguished by the democratic simplicity of their images, they are more earthly. In the era of modern times, the image of a simple woman, a hard worker, a mother is poeticized.

The art of the 20th century reflected the tendency to place the heroes of portraits against the backdrop of nature or paintings. Everyday life, household sketches.

The analysis shows that in the art of the late 20th and early 21st centuries, the image of a woman-mother was given insufficient attention, which became one of the reasons for the decline in the birth rate, the decline in the status of the mother, her importance in society. The presidential program aimed at solving the demographic crisis is already yielding positive results. Increasingly, on billboards, magazine covers, photos, an image so familiar to everyone appears - the image of a woman-mother.

Of course, this list of types of image of a woman-mother is not complete. In the future, we set ourselves the task of continuing research on this topic and analyzing in more detail the reflection of the image of a woman-mother in the art of the 20th - early 21st centuries.

Bibliography

1. Gnedich P. P. History of Arts. Northern Renaissance. - EKSMO - M., 2005

2. Gnedich P. P. History of arts. High Renaissance. - EKSMO - M., 2005

3. Gnedich P. P. History of arts. Italian Renaissance. - EKSMO - M., 2005

4. Danilova G. I. Mirovaya art culture 7-8 cells - Bustard - M., 2005

CD "History of Art", electronic educational tool, GU RC EMTO, "Cyril and Methodius", 2003

5. Painting Soviet artists 1960-1980s. People of the Soviet land. - AURORA - L., 1986

6. Lev Lyubimov. Art of Ancient Russia. - Enlightenment - M., 1996

7. Lev Lyubimov Art of Western Europe: Middle Ages. Renaissance in Italy. - Enlightenment - M., 1996

8. Nonna Yakovleva. Children's encyclopedia. Russian history painting. - White City - M., 2000

9. Encyclopedia for children. Volume 5. Art. Part 1 / Ed. V. A. Volodina. – AVANTA+ - M., 2001

slide 2

The art of the High Renaissance brought a different understanding of female beauty than in other eras. The titans of the Renaissance Leonardo da Vinci, Michelangelo Buonarroti, Rafael Santi, Titian create the image of a perfect man, beautiful both physically and spiritually. The embodiment of such an ideal is the Madonna with the baby Jesus - an exalted symbol of motherhood and sacrificial love for people.

Leonardo da Vinci (1452-1519) painter, sculptor, architect, scientist, anatomist, naturalist, inventor, writer, musician, Benois Madonna, 1478 hermitage Museum

slide 3

"Madonna Litta" is the pearl of the Hermitage collection. In the picture, young Mary carefully holds the baby in her arms. Her bowed profile is full of exceptional beauty and nobility. Lowered eyes and a barely noticeable smile give Madonna's appearance an unusual expressive warmth, illuminate her with a bright maternal feeling. The artist managed to convey his idea of ​​happiness, the earthly joy of being and the holiness of the mother's feelings.

Madonna Litta, 1490, Hermitage Madonna in the Rocks, 1483-1486, Louvre, Paris

slide 4

The Sistine Madonna brilliantly embodies the idea of ​​motherhood, an earthly, realistic depiction of a woman mother. She just took a step towards people. Her movement is calm and majestic, there is nothing hurried and fussy in it. She slightly attracts the baby to her, as if afraid to part with him, and at the same time holds him out to people. In this contradictory gesture of the mother, the deep tragedy of what is happening is hidden.

Raphael Santi (1483-1520) painter, graphic artist and architect "Sistine Madonna", 1513-514, Old Masters Gallery, Dresden, Germany

slide 5

"Madonna del Granduca", c.1504, Palazzo Pitti, Florence, Italy "Madonna in the Chair", 1513-1514, Palazzo Pitti, Florence, Italy

slide 6

Sacred face of the Mother of God

Icon of Our Lady of Vladimir, 12th century, unknown Byzantine master. Church of St. Nicholas in Tolmachi at the State Tretyakov Gallery, Moscow Feofan Grek. Icon "Our Lady of the Don", 14th century, State Tretyakov Gallery, Moscow

Slide 7

The eyes of the Mother of God are full of a feeling, which in the Middle Ages was defined as "the joy of holy sorrow." The baby gently presses his face against his mother's cheek and wraps his arm around her neck. There is no more dazzling miracle in the worlds, a revelation of pure beauty.

Slide 8

In ancient Russian art, the image of the Virgin is associated with the cult of Mother Earth. Both have common principles of holiness and motherhood. “The incomparable, eternal song of motherhood,” said Igor Emmanuilovich Grabar about the icon “Our Lady of Vladimir”. In ancient Russian icon painting, 4 types of the image of the Virgin are distinguished.

The birth of a new life is one of the greatest mysteries on earth, and therefore the name of the Mother is always surrounded by reverence.

The theme of motherhood is one of the oldest themes in world art. The first images of a mother with a child in her arms date back to the pre-dynastic times of Egypt.

An image is a look, a shape. Madonna (my mistress) - the name of the composition depicting the Virgin and Child. An archetype is a prototype, a model imprinted in the soul of a person, people, nation.

"Paleolithic Venuses" - an image emphasizing the feminine, the maturation of a new life. The embodiment of the idea of ​​motherhood and procreation.

The goddess has been associated with the Moon since ancient times. The moon has three phases: waxing, full and waning. They correspond to the three phases of any goddess: virgin, mother, crone. Each of them had a distinct purpose and value. n Virgo symbolized youth and energy. n Mother was the embodiment of female power and fertility. n The old woman is life experience, compassion and, above all, n wisdom.

In Christian cultural tradition a special role was assigned to the Mother of God - the Virgin Mary, who gave birth and raised the Savior. Our Lady of Vladimir

Russian icon… This phenomenon is unique in world art. Russian iconography has a huge artistic value. This is a source of light and joy, which causes the viewer to feel a sense of inner lightness, a sense of harmony. Icons heal, save...

The image of the Madonnas ... My wishes came true. The Creator sent you down to me, Madonna, The purest charm of the purest example ... A. S. Pushkin

We have always been fascinated and inspired by the artists of the 15th-16th centuries, because they were distinguished by the fact that they had their own vision for writing the Madonnas. They were distinguished by harmony, form, beauty of linear and color rhythm and, most importantly, by the depth of maternal, tender love raised to the level of a high, beautiful ideal.

The Pure One is the standard of femininity, the concentration of benefactors, a role model ... Her charming appearance is the pinnacle of perfection and harmony

A. G. Venetsianov In full swing the suffering of the village, You share! - Russian woman's share! Hardly harder to find...

Art of the XX century K. S. Petrov - Vodkin Mother of God - tenderness of evil hearts, 1915

Image women - mothers through the ages

(integrated MHC lesson+ art + music)

I believe that a woman is a miracle,

What can not be found in the Milky Way,

And if "beloved" is a holy word,

That is thrice sacred - a woman-mother!

L. Rogozhnikov

Goals and objectives : give an idea of ​​the single image of mother in art different peoples; different eras of human history; to cultivate respect for a woman, for a mother; strengthen interdisciplinary connections (MHK, fine arts, music, literature).

Visual range: reproductions of paintings: Raphael "Sistine Madonna", Leonardo da Vinci "Madonna Litta", K.S. Perov-Vodkin "Petrograd Madonna", A.G. Venetsianov "In the Harvest. Summer”, Icon “Our Lady of Vladimir”, V. Vasnetsov “Virgin and Child”, K.L. Khetagurov "Highlander going for water".

Additional material: reproductions of paintings, presentation on the topic), poems, video with the song “Sweet Mom”, the song “Sweet Mom”, “Ave Maria” by F. Schubert performed by Robertino Loretti (recording)

Equipment: computer, multimedia projector, interactive whiteboard.

DURING THE CLASSES

Organizing time.

Greetings

Checking students' readiness for the lesson.

Lesson topic message .

Work on the topic of the lesson.

The mystery of female beauty has disturbed humanity throughout the history of its existence.

There is hardly an artist who would not try to comprehend this secret, but each one discovered it in his own way.

The main and unchanged in this comprehension remained the ideal of motherhood, the sacred bonds of love between mother and child.

From the sculptures of the first artists of the earth, the madonnas of the titans of the Renaissance, the icon-painting faces of the Virgin, inspired musical hymns to the mother woman to the works of contemporary artists - this is the way to comprehend the ideal of female beauty and charm.

The first works of primitive fine art belong to the Aurignacian culture (Late Paleolithic), named after the Aurignac cave (France). Since that time, female figurines made of stone and bone have become widespread. If the heyday of cave painting came about 10-15 thousand years ago, then the art of miniature sculpture reached a high level much earlier - about 25 thousand years ago. This era includes the so-called "Venuses" - figurines of women 10-15 cm high, usually emphasized massive forms. Similar "Venuses" are found in France, Italy, Austria, the Czech Republic, Russia and many others. other world. Perhaps they symbolized fertility, or were associated with the cult of a woman-mother: the Cro-Magnons lived according to the laws of matriarchy, and it was through the female line that belonging to a clan that revered its ancestor was determined.

Display of female statuettes.

Scientists consider female sculptures to be the first anthropomorphic, i.e. humanoid images

"Paleolithic Venuses" - an image emphasizing the feminine, the maturation of a new life. The embodiment of the idea of ​​motherhood and procreation.

They look extremely primitive. Their faces were replaced by a smooth bulge without drawing individual features, their hands and feet were barely outlined, their torsos were unnecessarily elongated. Particular attention was paid to everything that emphasizes the feminine principle: large breasts and hips, a huge bulging belly, in which life is ripening ...

The next cultural and historical era, which we will talk about in the lesson, is the Middle Ages.

Medieval art of European countries today cannot be imagined without the widely depicted image of the Mother of God.
In Western Europe, he was associated with the cult of the Madonna, and in Russia - with the Virgin, ( icon display) who was perceived as the patroness and protector of her native land, the intercessor of people before God.

One of the best early examples of Byzantine painting was the icon of Our Lady of Vladimir, created in Constantinople in the 12th century. Then she was brought to Russia and since then has not left the borders of the Russian land.

The son reaches out to his mother, hugs her, questions in an adult way with a meaningful look. The mother responds with a calm tilt of her head, she leans against his cheek, but does not look at her son. She looks at the viewer, as if drawing his attention to the one whom she idolizes with her love, but is unable to save.

The eyes of the Mother of God are full of a feeling that in the Middle Ages was defined as "the joy of holy sorrow." On her strict, full of spiritual nobility and mute reproach, anxiety and sadness lurked. With all the maternal tenderness in her appearance, one feels the consciousness of inevitable sacrifice.

Look how the mother and child are merged into an inseparable whole by the outline of the silhouette. Calm, soft lines and a warm, golden tone of the icon give it the sound of peace and eternity.

Bowing down to the young Christ,

Mary dawned on him

Heavenly love eclipsed

Her earthly beauty.

And he is in deep insight,

Already entering into battle with the world,

Looks ahead - and with a clear eye

He sees Calvary in front of him.

This icon is the greatest shrine of Russia. No wonder Russia is called the home of the Mother of God.

Many legends are associated with this icon. According to the old custom, she was carried on a sleigh in the summer. A few versts from Vladimir, horses suddenly stood up, and no force could move them. Replaced the horses - and they stood rooted to the spot. Since then, they have decided: the icon will remain on this earth. A huge Assumption Cathedral was built in Vladimir and this amazing icon was placed in it. Many times she rescued and protected the Russian people on the battlefields and in labor deeds.

Russian icon… This phenomenon is unique in world art. Russian icon painting is of great artistic importance. It is a source of light and joy, which causes the viewer to feel a sense of inner lightness, a sense of harmony. Icons heal, save...

The art of the High Renaissance, which was defined in its main features by the beginning of the 16th century, brought a different understanding of female beauty than that of previous artists.

The titans of the High Renaissance Leonardo da Vinci, Michelangelo, Raphael and Titian sought to create a generalized image of a perfect person, beautiful both physically and spiritually. The embodiment of such an ideal is the Madonna, the Virgin Mary with the Child - an exalted symbol of motherhood and sacrificial love for people.

One of the best works on this subject will be "Madonna Lita" by Leonardo da Vinci.

(show picture) pearl of the Hermitage collection.

The painting depicts a young Mary holding a baby in her arms. Her bowed profile is full of exceptional beauty and nobility. Lowered eyes and a barely perceptible smile give the Madonna an unusual expressiveness and warmth, illuminate her with a bright motherly feeling.

In the cool halls of the Hermitage,
Among heroes and dryads,
Against the backdrop of a peaceful landscape

She glances at the child.

Was that earthly woman
A simple model for him
Or, rubbing light paints,
He saw a god in mortals.

Isn't it all the same?

And now, not famous
A weaver or a tinker's wife,
Lives now Madonna Lita

In the glazing haze of the canvas.

With her, so many souls entered into unity,
She captured so many eyes
And the eternal torch of motherhood,
Ignited by it, it did not die out.

One of the greatest creations of world art was Raphael's painting "The Sistine Madonna", which ingeniously embodies the idea of ​​motherhood, an earthly, realistic image of a woman mother.

Yes, this is one of the most beautiful pictures on the ground.

In the center, as it were, hovers, barely touching the clouds with her feet, a beautiful woman with a baby in her arms. She is filled with love, a sense of maternal pride, meekness and anxiety. The name of the baby is Christ, the name of his mother is Mary. Saint Barbara and Saint Sixtus bowed before them (hence the name of the painting “Sistine Madonna”).

All Latin prayers addressed to the mother of Christ begin with the words "Ave Maria", which means "Glory Mary." There is an unchanging Latin text of the prayer, which has inspired and continues to inspire composers for many centuries.

Let's listen to "Ave Maria" by the Austrian composer Franz Schubert performed by the Italian boy Robertino Loretti.

Guys, do you like the music? What feelings arose in you, penetrated into your soul when listening to this music? And now, please look at the screen and choose the words that convey your feelings when you listen to music, look at pictures, read poems dedicated to the Mother of God.

DIGNITY

SIMPLICITY

NOBILITY

CALM

We have always been fascinated and inspired by the artists of the 15th-16th centuries, because they were distinguished by the fact that they had their own vision for writing the Madonnas. They were distinguished by harmony, form, beauty of linear and color rhythm and, most importantly, by the depth of maternal, tender love raised to the level of a high, beautiful ideal.

And in the Russian Orthodox Church there are similar prayers addressed to the mother. For two thousand years, the image of the Mother of God has been sung. Russian artists and sculptors, poets and composers dedicate their creations to the Mother of God. Not without reason, among the many appeals to the Mother of God - the Virgin Mary, Queen of Heaven, Madonna- there is an appeal: All-sung.

One picture I wanted to be an eternal spectator,
One, so that on me from the canvas, as from the clouds,
Most Pure and our Divine Savior

She is with greatness, He is with reason in his eyes -

Looked, meek, in glory and rays ...(A. Pushkin)

V. Vasnetsov "The Virgin and Child".

The artist depicted the Mother of God walking on a cloud. Her face is thoughtful and serious, breathing all the charm of youth. The baby, similar in face to his mother, leaned forward slightly, with an imperious movement, as if he wants to embrace the Universe. The fire of unearthly inspiration burns in his eyes.

This work can be put on a par with " Sistine Madonna» Raphael, to which she is similar in construction.

Let's listen to the troparion - a hymn dedicated to the Theotokos.

Ave, Maria - the lamp is quiet,

Four verses are ready in the heart:

Pure maiden, grieving mother,

Your grace has penetrated my soul.

Queen of the sky, not in the brilliance of rays -

In a quiet dream come to her!

Ave, Maria - the lamp is quiet,

I whispered all four verses.

A. Fet

The Pure One is the standard of femininity, the concentration of benefactors, a role model ... Her charming appearance is the pinnacle of perfection and harmony

Not only Renaissance artists, but also Russian artists in their work did not bypass the image of a woman - a mother. Recognized portrait painter, academician of painting Alexei Venetsianov, he creates completely different images, in many respects different from the accepted norms. He painted ordinary Russian women - peasant women, busy with hard work, thereby emphasizing that it was the peasant woman, despite all the hardships of life, who was and remained the best guardian of the traditions of motherhood.

“In the harvest. Summer"

The sun beats mercilessly, the sheaves stand in rows, the hills turn green. In the center of the picture of a woman is a reaper with a child in her arms, she gently hugs him, forgetting about her fatigue. Looking at the picture, I recall the lines of the poem by N.A. Nekrasov:

…Village suffering is in full swing,

Share you! - Russian female share!

Hardly harder to find...

Know intolerant: treeless plain,

Fields, mowing and expanse of heaven.

The sun is beating down mercilessly...

In the art of the 20th century, the eternal theme of motherhood sounded in a completely new way, glorifying the deepest and most sincere human feelings.

She found the most striking artistic embodiment in the work of the artist K.S. Petrov-Vodkin.

He embodied his understanding of the ongoing historical events in the famous "Petrograd Madonna"

In the picture, a young woman with a child is depicted against the backdrop of revolutionary Petrograd, where a new era of human history began.

Passers-by hurry somewhere, someone stops at the walls of buildings. But all this is just a temporary background for the main image of a woman-mother. It is no coincidence that she turned her back on the city. Her main concern is the care of the child, of his present and future.

The most dear, dear, sacred is connected with mother. Earth, Motherland, Nature, Beauty, Love- each of these words can be combined with the words: Mother, mother, maternal. From century to century, the unity of mother and child is eternal. Paintings speak for it. different artists.

Here, for example, is a painting by the Russian artist Alexander Deineka. It was written over seventy years ago. But it is still impossible to look at the simple, and at the same time very tender image of a mother with a child in her arms without excitement.

Greatness and chastity, dignity and female pride are felt in the guise of a mother from a painting by A. A. Daineka. This picture is made in calm, pastel colors.

Ossetian artists also addressed the theme of motherhood in their work. Let's take the work of Kosta Khetagurov “Highlander going for water.

In the picture, the artist depicts the hard work of a mountain woman.

She must go down to the water many times a day and climb up the dangerous mountain paths with a huge burden and at the same time look after the running boy-son, who, just look, will fall into the abyss.

LEGEND ABOUT MOTHERS. (against the background of Gluck's music "Melody", the teacher tells the legend)

My dear boy! You probably already learned a lot of fabulous things about our life. But do you know where the sailors got their strength from? Do not you know? Then listen.

Once upon a time, people lived on the Black Sea coast. What they were called, I don't remember now. They plowed the land, herded cattle and hunted wild animals. In autumn, when the field work ended, people went to the seashore and had fun holidays: they sang, danced around huge fires, played games that ended with throwing arrows - arrows of happiness. If a young man wanted to become a hunter, he shot an arrow in the direction of the forest, if a shepherd, he shot in the direction of the herd, and if a plowman, in the direction of the field.

To look at these games, the king of the seas and oceans, Neptune, came out of the deep sea. This is a very terrible king, his eyes are large, white as bubbles, his beard is green - from algae, and his body is blue-green, the color of the sea. Every time he looked at the games, he laughed and said:

- How people do not boast of their strength, but they are afraid of me: none of them have yet decided to shoot an arrow in the direction of my possessions.

He said this because he was sure that no one would dare to try his luck at sea.

Once the young men went to the fire. They suddenly turned towards the sea and all, as one, shot arrows there. What a rage Neptune came to!

- I will bury you all in the depths of the sea! he roared.

Women, looking at their sons, thought: the king of the sea can really bury their children in the sea. The pride of the people I am talking about has always been women - strong, beautiful, never aging. The women thought and thought and decided to give all their strength to their sons.

The young men, taking their mother's strength, approached the very shore of the sea. In order to keep them out of the water, Neptune threw a huge shaft, but the young men resisted, did not bend over and did not run back. But mothers after that became weak.

Have you seen, my boy, weak women? If you ever meet them again, don't laugh at them; these women gave all their strength to children like you. And now listen further.

When Neptune saw that the young men withstood the onslaught of a heavy shaft, he laughed wildly and angrily shouted to the women:

- Let your sons resist my strength here on the shore, but in the sea I will tear their hands!

The women thought again: yes, the king of the sea can do this, he has strong veins of manila herbs. While they were thinking, the daughters of the sea king came to the surface of the water.

They, like their father, were ugly. The daughters of Neptune came out and said:

“Women, give us your beauty; for this, we will get strong manila grass from the bottom of the sea, we will make veins from it for your sons, and their hands will be as strong as our father's. The women immediately agreed and gave their beauty to the daughters of the sea king.

If, dear boy, you see an ugly woman somewhere, do not turn away from her, know that she sacrificed her beauty for the sake of children.

When King Neptune found out about the trick of his daughters, he was very angry, threw them out of the sea and turned them into seagulls.

Have you heard, boy, how the seagulls cry over the sea? It is they who ask to go home, but the cruel father does not let them go back and does not even look at them.

But sailors always look at seagulls and cannot see enough, because seagulls wear the beauty of their mothers.

The young men, feeling the strength in their hands and strength in their shoulders, finally went to sea. They got out and disappeared. Mothers wait - wait - sons do not return. Neptune appeared again before the women and laughed loudly. From his laughter, even the waves came over the sea.

- Do not wait for your sons now! Neptune laughed. - They're wandering. You have forgotten that there are no roads and paths on the sea.

And again he rolled into a terrible laugh. Then the women exclaimed:

“Let there be less light in our eyes, and let the stars shine even brighter over our land, so that the sons will find their way to their native shores along them.

As soon as the women said so, the stars immediately shone brightly brightly in the sky. The young men saw them and returned home safely.

That's why, my friend, sailors are strong and invincible: mothers gave them all the best they had.

Teacher: Did you like the work?

What did you feel when you listened to it? (joy that the terrible and strong King Neptune did not defeat the sailors, sadness, because mothers gave all the best to their sons)

Why are sailors strong and invincible? (because mothers gave them all the best)

Can the act of mothers be called heroic? Yes!

Guys, today we talked about the maternal image in music, literature, painting. And why is this topic so close in the past, in the present, and in the future for all people and for us? We all have a mother - the closest, dearest and most beloved person on Earth.

Guys, now imagine the face of your mother. Look into her eyes right now, in your imagination. How well do you remember them?

Take care, respect, love your mother dearly, do not hurt her with your words and deeds.

The practical part of the lesson.

Lesson summary:

At all times, artists sang the beauty of a woman. But it was the image of a woman - a mother that was the ideal of female beauty.

The ideal, the main and invariable, is the ideal of motherhood.

The beauty of a woman is the beauty of motherhood.

Music and visual arts create the image of a mother by various means of expression, and at the same time willingly help each other so that we, viewers and listeners, understand and feel the depth of works of art.