This monument of Russian architecture is striking in its bizarre. Explanatory note. II. Explanation of new material

Shore - to protect, granite - to cut, soul - to choke, fly - to heal, saw - to drink.

9. What changes have occurred in the semantics, structure and grammatical categories of the following words, borrowed by the Russian language from Latin and Greek, as well as from English, French and German?

Ultimatum - lat. ultimatum, n. cf. r., units h. (from ultimus - “extreme, very last”);

unique - lat / unicum, noun. cf. r., units h. - "the only one";

symbiosis - gr. symbiosis, noun. female r., units h. - "cohabitation";

forum - lat. forum, noun cf. r., units h. - "area in Ancient Rome where fairs and public gatherings took place”;

system - gr, systema, n. cf. r., units h. - "the basis of order";

organ - gr. organon, noun cf. r., units h. - “tool, means, tool”;

bureau - fr. bureau, noun. husband. r., units h. - “a special table for writing classes and storing papers; desk; office of a major employee; presidium".

10. Make up phrases, choosing suitable definitions for nouns from paronymic words. What determines their choice? Make suggestions with them

Milk, ... day, ... appointment (target, whole, whole); ... veil, ... air, ... color (smoky, smoky, smoky); ... hello, ... smile, ... work (friendly, friendly); ... bracelet, ... fight, ... tree (pomegranate, pomegranate); ... accessories, ... paper, ... work (writing, writing); ... assembly, ... fights, ... work (class, classic, cool); ... pride, ... attitude (family, familiar); ... district, ... little boy (neighboring, neighboring); ... view, ... method (effective, spectacular).

11. Choose antonyms for the given words. Make sentences with each of them.

Happiness, rise, idleness, healthy, growing old, love, friendship, kindness, despondency, lies, callousness, tenderness, good, stupid, rude, useful, smart, sweet, light, clear, bright, darkens, blooms, spring, darkness, take, fall asleep, put on, win.

12. Indicate the figurative function of antonyms. Choose synonyms for antonyms (where possible).

1. I rot in the dust with my body, I command the thunders with my mind. I am a king - I am a slave, I am a worm - I am a god (G. Derzhavin). 2. They got along. Wave and stone, poetry and prose, ice and fire are not so different from each other (A.S. Pushkin). 3. You are rich, I am very poor. You are a prose writer, I am a poet; you are blush, like a poppy color, I, like death, and thin and pale (A.S. Pushkin). 4. And we hate and we love by accident, without sacrificing anything to either malice or love, and some kind of secret cold reigns in the soul when the fire boils in the blood (M.Yu. Lermontov). 5. We recognized each other in the crowd, got together and parted again, there was love without joy, separation will be without sadness (M.Yu. Lermontov). 6. You are wretched, you are plentiful, you are powerful, you are powerless, Mother Russia (N. Nekrasov).

13. Indicate foreign words in a number of synonyms:

Request, petition, petition, petition, solicitation; fight, duel, single combat; system, mode, order, system, way of life.

14. Explain the purpose of the following corrections made by Gorky to the original text of the story "Chelkash" (the words of the original text are in brackets).

The boat rushed off again, silently and easily turning (tacking) among the ships. Suddenly, she escaped from their crowd (maze) ... Music (symphony) of the working day.

There was something fatal (fatal) in this slow movement of the soulless masses.

15. Eliminate errors associated with the use of words without regard to their meaning in the context. When completing the assignment, use explanatory dictionaries.

1. This monument of Russian architecture impresses with its bizarre dimensions. 2. With this first powerful impulse, the carp often pulls the line in one straight line with the rod and easily tears it. 3. The poems of the popular poet, written by him as a result of his travels around the country, will soon be published in a magazine. 4. The master's face assumes a sleepy state. 5. And the faster the weaver knits the broken thread, the less the machine will idle. 6. Students have increased self-confidence. 7. I will talk about one moment that happened during the war. 8. His relatives were killed by bombing. 9. Famusov lives by the slogan: "Signed, so off your shoulders." 10. Pechorin has selfishness. 11. She had to get down to work together.

Topic: Lexical norms of the modern Russian language
Exercise 1. Edit the text.

After the report, the debate began. The locksmith Shutov was the first to speak. He talked about the renovation schedule. Mechanic Ovsov and dispatcher Tulin talked about the underutilization of production capacity. Other workers spoke of specific remedial measures. In conclusion, the head of the workshop spoke about the results of the debate. The adopted resolution spoke about measures to improve discipline and increase labor productivity.
Exercise 2. Determine the type of errors. Correct the suggestions.

Sasha Petrov, a drummer from our brigade, played at the concert.

The children listened to the song. ________________________________________________________________________
The poet portrayed the hero truthfully and emotionally.

____________________________________________________________________

In connection with the foregoing, it is possible for us to give the following solution.

____________________________________________________________________

The writer has won worldwide recognition. ________________________________________________________________________
Onegin led a festive lifestyle. ________________________________________________________________________
We went to work in a backward brigade. ________________________________________________________________________
This monument of Russian architecture impresses with its bizarre dimensions.

____________________________________________________________________

The master's face takes on a sleepy state. ________________________________________________________________________
Students have increased self-confidence. ________________________________________________________________________
I will talk about one moment that happened during the war.

____________________________________________________________________

His relatives were killed by the bombing. ________________________________________________________________________
We don't have half an hour to prepare. ________________________________________________________________________
There are absolutely no materials in the department.

____________________________________________________________________

A friendly mutual understanding has been established between us.

____________________________________________________________________

His ideas were cutting edge and progressive.

____________________________________________________________________

All the characters in the story have their own individual traits.

____________________________________________________________________

Factory youth will receive their education here.

____________________________________________________________________

In many areas, the water was at a minimum. ________________________________________________________________________
The number of readers of our library is constantly progressing.

____________________________________________________________________

They decided to pay the premium to a unique specialist in foreign currency.

____________________________________________________________________

The new Law on Education has a particularly important role to play.

____________________________________________________________________

It was the most memorable event in my life. ________________________________________________________________________
The resourceful accountant knew how to avoid paying taxes.

____________________________________________________________________

The playing campaign in football began with hot duels between the teams.

____________________________________________________________________
Exercise 3 Underline the incorrect ones among the phrases below, write down the corrected options.

Demonstrative material, defensive line, tear-off calendar, find respect, pay a fare, express recognition, earn a key, put on a hat, nostalgia for the homeland, free vacancy, month of November, a fun incident.

_________________________________________________________________________________
Exercise 4 Determine the difference in the lexical meaning of these words. Make phrases.

Selfishness - selfishness

__________________________________________________________________________

front - front

__________________________________________________________________________

alien - alien

__________________________________________________________________________

efficient - efficient

__________________________________________________________________________

pleasing - pleasing

__________________________________________________________________________

health resort - health resort

__________________________________________________________________________

heritage - legacy

__________________________________________________________________________

fact - factor

__________________________________________________________________________

Exercise 5 Match the nouns with the adjectives in meaning (connect the words with arrows).

trusting - trusting

(person, intonation, request, conversation),

lyrical - lyrical

(poem, tenor, mood)

business trip - business trip

(person, identity)

intolerable - intolerable

(act, pain, cold).

Homework #2
Exercise 1. Choose a synonym and antonym for adjectivesfree, fresh in the following phrases:

free people - _______________,

free entrance - ________________,

free breathing - _____________,

free dress - _______________,

vacant apartment - _____________,

free time - ________________,

fresh bread - _________________,

fresh evening - ________________,

fresh cucumber - _______________,

fresh look - __________________,

a fresh look - ________________,

fresh snow - _________________.

Exercise 2. Underline the mistakes made as a result of mixing paronyms. Write down the corrected words next to it.

1. I was attracted by the early romantic works of A. S. Pushkin. _________________________________________________________________________

2. Larina herself beat the courtiers if they could not please her. _________________________________________________________________________
3. Pushkin is bound by strong knots with the Decembrists. _________________________________________________________________________
4. As a result of negligence in Primorye, an unbearable situation has been created with the supply of heat to residential areas. _________________________________________________________________________
5. The people endured a dual oppression. _________________________________________________________________________

Exercise 3Underline borrowed words andreplace, where possible, foreign words with Russian synonyms. Which is better - how it was or how it became? In what cases have you met with a speech error already familiar to you, which is called “strive for a pseudo-high style”?

1. I do not guarantee that you will find me at home ( from telephone conversation ).

__________________________________________________________________________

2. In forest areas, pine dominates over spruce ( from oral history).

__________________________________________________________________________

3. The contours of distant mountains are clearly visible on the horizon ( from literary work ). _____________________________________________________________

4. He confirmed his proposal with strong arguments ( from a staff conversation).

__________________________________________________________________________

5. Athletes celebrated their triumph ( broadcast

6. This play can be interpreted in different ways. ________________________________________________________________________

7. The heroine confidentially confessed to her beloved that she was more impressed with not being recognized at this event ( from school essay ). __________________________________________________________________________

Exercise 4 Write down 10-15 examples of native Russian and borrowed terms from your area of expertise. In case of difficulty, please contact explanatory dictionaries and terminological dictionaries.

Exercise 5 Find speech errors and edit sentences. Specify the type of error.

Now many writers are closely involved in politics.

_______________________________________________________________________

The artist won the appreciation of the audience.

_______________________________________________________________________

This property is common to all writers.

_______________________________________________________________________

I have already talked about my autobiography.

_______________________________________________________________________

Yesterday it rained, but today the day is warm and bright.

_______________________________________________________________________

This story is quite pulling on the plot for an action movie.

_______________________________________________________________________

The Christian Democrats play an important role in this movement.

_______________________________________________________________________

Every athlete can get a fiasco.

_______________________________________________________________________

Due to the lack of discipline, the class did not go to the theater.

_______________________________________________________________________

The poet stood at the sources of new poetry.

_______________________________________________________________________

12. Trofimov's speeches, like other characters, are characterized by lyricism.

_______________________________________________________________________
Grade _____________________

Practice #3
Topic: Vocabulary of the Russian language in terms of its origin
Exercise 1. Relate to meaning.

Company ()

Campaign()

Overpass ()

Estocad ()

1 - association, group of people;

2 - a set of activities;

3 - hit with a rapier, a sword;

4 - a structure in the form of a bridge.

Hyena ()

Gehenna ()

escalator()

excavator()

1 - conveyor in the form of a ladder;

2 - hell, underworld;

3 - predatory animal;

4 - earth-moving machine.

Compliment()

Complement()

Empyria()

Empire()

1 - human experience,

2 - praise;

3 - monarchical state;

4 - enzyme.

Messiah

mission

1 - responsible task;

2 - savior, voter,

3 - a sort of strong wine;

4 - seats in the auditorium.

Exercise 2. write down the word to which the phrase corresponds.

Quantitative imitation - p…

Compilation and interpretation of coats of arms - g…

Disk on the stove - to ...

Trademark - l…

The most significant, important - to ...

A summary of the contents of the book - a…

Bonsai tree in a pot - b…

Literary theft - p…

Internal disposition towards someone - with…

Burning by the verdict of the Inquisition - but ...

Hemorrhage in any organ - but ...

A well-bred man - to ...

Inhalation for therapeutic purposes - and ...

Half sleep, called suggestion - g ...

Dealer in old books - b…

The totality of the language features of a person - and ...

Seizure of property in favor of the state - to ...

The prescription of the doctor about the composition of medicines - r ...

Small parallel folds - p…

Exercise 3 Define the word by meaning, underline it.

Image, way of thinking, worldview of a person or a social group (intelligence, mentality, temperament, idiolect).
Hermit; one who lives in solitude avoids other people (anarchist, anachronism, anchorite, anonymous).
The combination of the initial letters of the name and surname or name and patronymic in the form of a ligature (initials, monogram, ex-libris, logo).
Causing a negative attitude towards oneself, extremely unpleasant (legitimate, portable, odious, pretentious).
Management body of administrative-territorial units (magistracy, postgraduate studies, prefecture, nomenclature).
Equality, equality of the parties (parity, rarity, immunity, sovereignty).
An integral part of any complex compound or mixture (element, component, assortment, ingredient).
Fame in society, popularity, fame (beau monde, publicity, conjuncture, hype).
Return of prisoners of war, refugees (repatriation, restitution, indemnity, immigration).

Exercise 4 Match the words from the first column with synonyms from the second (connect with arrows).

Hypochondriac cripple emerald monogram

Lyceum anti-Semite aroma talisman

Anti-Semite melancholic diamond sapphire

Anthropophagus farmason amulet canape

Disabled meteorologist yahont smaragd

Freemason pilgrim mirage diamond

Weather forecaster cannibal incense label

Hairdresser colossus sofa haze

Giant coufer wallet label

Pilgrim comedian monogram purse
Exercise 5 What do these words mean? Circle the correct number.

Leisure 1) favorite pastime

2) free time from work

3) idleness

4) entertainment
Apologist 1) advocate of an idea

2) local resident

3) an irreconcilable enemy
Escalation 1) gradual steady buildup, increase,

expansion of something

2) the desire for ethnic or tribal isolation

in politics and economics

3) confrontation, confrontation
Rarity 1) an auxiliary detail of something

2) an object that allegedly protects from misfortune; his

superstitious people wear

3) rarity, valuable rare thing
Referendum 1) leadership, advice on how to act in a particular

the issue of public life

3) consultation on certain issues
Rating 1) public announcement of opinions, information about something;

2) general agreement on contentious issues, achieved in

the result of an opinion poll, discussion;

3) an individual numerical indicator of the assessment of some

or a person who determines his social

political portrait, sportsmanship, etc.
Exercise 6 Underline the wordsthe lexical meaning of which is indicated incorrectly? Give their correct interpretation (orally).

Marketing is a system of measures to study the market and actively influence consumer demand.
Mentality is the vocabulary of the nation.
An analogy is a similarity in some respect between objects.
Adaptation is a state of complete indifference, indifference.
Parity - equality, the same position, equality of the parties.
Incident - an incident, an incident (usually of an unpleasant nature), a misunderstanding, a collision.
Alternative - the need to choose from two or more mutually exclusive options, as well as each of these options.
Digest - the first public performance, official acquaintance with any new product (product, book, magazine, etc.).
Euphoria is a feeling of elation, heightened joyful mood or complacency, not justified by objective conditions.
Confrontation is the rallying of forces, the unification and strengthening of efforts to achieve any goals.

Exercise 7 Specify cases of incorrect or stylistically unjustified use of borrowed words; replace foreign words that have a coloring of bookishness with commonly used words, correct the sentences.

1. It is impossible to approach the work of builders in an abstract way, to level the payment for teams that often work in incomparable conditions. ________________________________________________________________________

2. The adopted decision should be qualified, at least, as untimely. ________________________________________________________

The report stated the facts of direct violations of the regulations for the work of pharmacies. ________________________________________________________________________

4. Deputies must be informed in time about the agenda and the start time of work. ____________________________________________________________

5. To justify and correct the suburban area planning project, a large-scale map of the city's environs will be required. ________________________________________________________________________

6. Self-propelled chassis - in one role or another - can work all year round.

__________________________________________________________________________
Exercise 8 Read the statements and comment on the use of foreign words. Is it always appropriate and why?

For reference: 1) Inappropriate, possibly:exaggerate the role; 2) you need: innovation;3) inappropriate, better:region;4) inappropriate, better:image;5) inappropriate, better:environment/settings; 6) inappropriate, better:united in a new way; 7) inappropriate, better:which are entrusted to them; 8) inappropriate, better:yearning.

1. We won't extrapolate the issue of inflation. ()

2. These innovationsaimed at strengthening the resource base of a commercial bank.()

3. Comparison of different regions on this side can lead businesses to decide not to join thisarea. ()

4. So at the end of XIX century was formedimageIvanovo entrepreneurs: breeders, merchants, contractors. ()

5. To relocate old people to Mitino, to Butovo? ... Well, why relocate a person from thismicroflorain which he lived? ()

6. New alliancecombined both means and possibilities. ()

7. Sectoral governing bodies become focused on the performance of functions,delegatedtheir main production line. ()

8. Getting stronger nostalgiabeautifully. ()
Exercise 9 Make an edit and specify the error type.

One act of Chatsky led me into confusion.

____________________________________________________________________

The students listened intently to the performance of the artist.

____________________________________________________________________

Before starting my studies, I read back the stories of A.P. Chekhov.

____________________________________________________________________

The scientist stood at the sources of rocket science.

____________________________________________________________________

Art affects the growth of human culture.

____________________________________________________________________

She came in a flowery dress.

____________________________________________________________________

All the children were overjoyed.

____________________________________________________________________

This actor has long earned the glory of the audience.

____________________________________________________________________

Most of the buildings have been completed.

____________________________________________________________________

After a severe attack, the patient began to withdraw.

____________________________________________________________________

Nourishing mask nourishes the skin.

____________________________________________________________________

The institute has developed new methods and developments on this problem.

____________________________________________________________________

The patient was immediately admitted to the hospital.

____________________________________________________________________

Already at the beginning of it creative way the writer's strengths were identified.

____________________________________________________________________

She had very big eyes.

____________________________________________________________________

We need to realistically and without illusions weigh our economic chances.

____________________________________________________________________

Patients are examined twice a day.

____________________________________________________________________
Homework #3
Exercise 1. Explain the meaning of foreign words.

Regress -________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Trivial - _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Fatal - _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Altruism - ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Conversion - _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Utility - _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Appeal - _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Beau monde - _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Stagnation - _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Electorate - ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Impeachment -________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Leasing - _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Decathlon - ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Mogul - _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Underground - _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Hospice - __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Prevail - _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Inspire - _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Bookplate - _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Exercise 2. Find synonyms for the words.

Anomaly - _____________________,

spontaneous - ___________________,

tendentiousness - _______________,

unprecedented - ______________,

tolerant - __________________,

exclusive -__________________,

devaluation - ___________________,

legitimate - ___________________,

presentation - ___________________,

resuscitation - ___________________,

degradation - ___________________,

amateur - ______________________,

rarity - ______________________,

citadel - ______________________,

electorate - ____________________,

killer - ______________________,

Exercise 3 Edit the sentences and indicate the type of error.

The kids are doing well in class.

______________________________________________________________________

This film turned out to be a completely flat action movie.

______________________________________________________________________

One by one, the friends left the school.

______________________________________________________________________

The father did not dare to appear on the horizon of his daughter's life.

______________________________________________________________________

The aforementioned students did not come to school.

______________________________________________________________________

Without paying attention to anything around him, he began to speak.

______________________________________________________________________

Only such a still life of clothes is suitable for such furniture.

______________________________________________________________________

By marrying a peasant serf, the count fell low in the world.

______________________________________________________________________
Grade _________________

Practice #4

1. Working with ex. 111: expressive reading, drawing up a plan, determining the style and type of speech of the text.

Sample plan:

1. In memory of the capture of Kazan.

2. Unprecedented construction.

3. The embodiment of folk ideas about the beauty of architecture.

4. The fate of the architects Barma and Postnik.

The style of the text is journalistic, the type of speech is a description with narrative elements. The type of connection of sentences in the last paragraph is chain.

2. Expressive reading a fragment of D. Kedrin's poem "Architects" (read by a teacher or a pre-prepared student).

3. Comparison poetic text with a description of the temple (Ex. 111).

4. Oral communication-story about St. Basil's Cathedral.

Message option

Basil's Cathedral is located in the very center of our capital. This is one of the structures that limit the space of Red Square. The temple impresses with its unusualness, originality. It looks like a bright giant toy, assembled from different parts by someone's talented hands.

And the temple was created by Russian architects Barma and Postnik, who paid for this ingenious work with their eyesight. According to legend, Tsar Ivan the Terrible ordered the architects to be blinded so that they could not build something similar. The temple has remained a unique building that people have been admiring for four and a half centuries.

The memorial temple began to be built in 1554 to commemorate the great victory: the Russian army stormed Kazan. The stone Cathedral of the Intercession is now known as St. Basil's Cathedral, named after the holy fool who was buried near the walls of the cathedral.

Eight pillars of the temple surround the ninth. Each dome is original, unique. The central temple is crowned with a tent. This is truly a fabulously beautiful building, amazing with its elegance, unexpected design.

Homework. Description of the architectural monument of the city (Ex. 114).

TWO-PART SENTENCES

MAIN MEMBERS OF THE OFFER

Lesson 16

The purpose of the lesson: expand students' ideas about the subject, its features, ways of expression; to deepen knowledge about the synonymous relationships of language units.

Methodical methods: analysis of written works; teacher's explanation vocabulary work, drawing up a table, conversation, constructing sentences.

During the classes

I. Verification homework

Reading and analysis of two or three essays-descriptions.

II. Explanation of new material

1. Conversation. Teacher's word.

The topic of several lessons - "Two-part sentences" - is not new to you. You know, of course, what the main members of the sentence are, you can determine the subject and predicate. (Answers of students, oral implementation of exercise 115.)

In 8th grade, we need to expand our understanding of the two-part sentence and its basis. First of all, it's about the subject.

Is it always the subject of action, actor does the subject appear in the sentence? (Student answers.)

And who is acting in the following sentences? (they are written on the board):

The suburban forest is crossed by many paths. The problem is solved by a programmer using a computer. ( In these sentences, the subjects of the action are not the subjects. The subject should not depend on other members of the sentence and answer questions who? or what?)

Another question: how can the subject be expressed? (Student answers.)

In fact, not only nominal, but also other parts of speech, even interjection, can act as a subject. We will verify this by reading the material of the textbook, and then compiling a summary table.

2. The study of the theoretical material of the textbook (§ 11, p. 56).

3. Exerc. 116 (oral): determining the ways of expressing the subject.

4. Drawing up a generalizing table “Methods of expressing the subject” (see table on p. 40). (We use the material from exercise 116. If desired, the students come up with their own examples.)

III. Practical tasks

Ex. 117, 118, 119 (one-word subjects and subjects, expressed in phrases) - orally, "along the chain."

Find, explain and correct lexical errors (or violations of accuracy, unambiguity) in sentences. 1. The poet stood at the sources of new poetry. 2. The beast looked at the hunter angrily. 3. We must leave the term "functional style." 4. Behind the outskirts, a birch oak forest turned green. 5. I will talk about one moment that happened during the war. 6. This architectural monument impresses with its bizarre dimensions. 7. Approaching the queue, he asked: “Who is the last one?” 8. Yuri Gagarin was the first rogue in space.