"A house is a machine for living"

A native of La Chaux-de-Fonds, belonged to old family engravers and artists. He studied arts and crafts at the School of Art in La Chaux-de-Fonds. From the age of thirteen he engraved watch cases.

He erected the first building at the age of 17. It was a villa with interior decoration. At the age of 19 he traveled to Italy, Hungary and Austria. He studied and worked with J. Hoffmann in Vienna (1907), Auguste Perret in Paris (1908-10), Peter Behrens in Berlin (1910-11).

From Perret's workshop he learned admiration for the structural properties of reinforced concrete, and from Behrens he drew his conviction in the role of industrial design. Then he began to study the calculation of reinforced concrete structures. At the end of his work with Behrens, he undertook a journey to the East.
In 1917 he settled in Paris. There he met Ozenfant, who opened his eyes to Cubism and the formal possibilities of Purism. In 1918 they released After Cubism book where their theoretical views are presented. The basis of Le Corbusier's work in both fields - painting and architecture - is his spatial concept. In 1919, in the created magazine Esprit Nouveau (New Spirit), he led an architectural column under the pseudonym Le Corbusier. In 1921, together with his cousin P. Jeanneret, he founded an architectural workshop in Paris at 35 Sevres Street.

He outlined his views, which formed the basis of the concept of modern architecture, in the Espri Nouveau magazine (1920-25), in the books To Architecture (1923), Urban Planning (1925). I saw in modern technology and serial construction the prerequisites for the renewal of the architectural language, and in the identification of the functional structure of the building - rich aesthetic possibilities. He shared utopian hopes for the transformation of society by solving the problems of urban planning and mass housing on the basis of a rational reorganization of the functions and spatial structures of the city and residential building.

Formed 5 starting points of modern architecture -

Le Corbusier's principles of unity of architecture and construction:

  1. A column that stands freely in open space dwellings
  2. Functional independence of the frame and wall in relation to not only external walls, but also internal articulations
  3. free plan
  4. Free frame as a consequence of frame construction
  5. roof garden

All five principles are most fully embodied in the Villa Savoy (1928-30). They tried to put these principles in the basis of the architectural canon of the 20th century, but the author himself saw in them a creative impulse, not a dogma.

Le Corbusier's buildings of the 1920s and 1930s are characterized by simple geometric shapes, white plane facades, and extensive glazed surfaces.

The reinforced concrete structure made it possible to avoid isolated cell rooms and move to a space that freely flows from one to another, while maintaining a functionally separated room.

In urban planning projects of the 1920s and 1930s, he developed the idea of ​​a vertical garden city with a high population density, tower-shaped buildings and large green spaces between them, with separation of pedestrian and transport routes, residential areas, business activity and industry ( Voisin plans for Paris, Benos Aires, Algiers, Antwerp and others).
For 12 years, starting in 1930, he was engaged in the planning of Algiers, attention to this work was paid to the leading newspapers of the world.

A number of theoretical provisions of Le Corbusier were largely implemented during the construction houses of Tsentrosoyuz in Moscow, the construction of which was carried out with the participation of the architect N. Colli.
These theories formed the basis "Charter of Athens", adopted by the IV International Congress of Modern Architecture (1933), and set out in his books "Radiant City" (1935), "Three Human Establishments" (1945). In the latter, the architect not only listed the shortcomings of existing cities, but also formulated new principles of urban planning. During the occupation of France, he worked on books: "At the Crossroads", "The Fate of Paris", "Home for a Man".

At the end of the war, he received an order for reconstruction of the cities of Saint Dis, La Rochelle and Nemours. This is the period of development of major projects of the highest socio-artistic significance, most of which, however, was not implemented.

In 1945, an agreement was concluded with Le Corbusier to build the so-called "Housing unit" in Marseille. despite the real persecution of the architect, the project was carried out and became an epoch-making phenomenon. Subsequently, residential units were erected in Nantes Reze, West Berlin, in Fermin. The opening of the "Unit" took place in 1953 in the presence of members of the government.
The most interesting in this building is the placement of the center in the middle in height. On the floor of the shopping center are placed a variety of shops, laundries, dry cleaning, hairdresser, post office, kiosks, hotel. On the 17th floor - Kindergarten. A ramp leads from here to a terrace with a relaxation room, a swimming pool and playgrounds. The natural properties of concrete were used in the design of the building. For example, a drawing of the wooden texture of the formwork is left.

The building had a huge impact on the development of the next generation of architects. In this building and in other buildings, he used reinforced concrete as a means to express his ideas in architecture, developing the principles of Auguste Perret and Garnier.

“Le Corbusier knew how, like no one before him, to turn the reinforced concrete frame into a means of architectural expression” (Siegfried Giedion).

Simultaneously with the work on the Marseille project, Le Corbusier created drawings of carpets produced in the city of Aubusson. Carpets designed by Le Corbusier were created for Chandigarh and for the theater in Tokyo (Sakakura).

In the 40s, Le Corbusier created a system of harmonic quantities based on proportions human body, - modulor, which was proposed as the initial dimensions for construction and artistic design.

The buildings of Le Corbusier of the 50s - early 60s are characterized by powerful and finely nuanced plasticity, sharply revealed architectonics of forms, lighting and spatial effects, a combination various materials, elegant polychrome. During this period, Chandigarh was created, developed master plan of Bogota.

In recent years, he paid more and more attention to the organization of internal space, the relationship between the function of the building scheme and its architectural structures.

For 27 years he played a leading role in the International Congress of Architects (CIAM).
He influenced modern architecture not only with ideas, but also with pedagogical activity. 150 people passed through his workshop. Among them are Maekawa, Koli, Fry, Sakakura, Candilis.

An outstanding architect of the late 19th and early 20th centuries, Charles Edouard Jeanneret, better known as Le Corbusier, was born in the Swiss town of La Chaux-de-Fonds. Charles initially chose for himself the profession of a watchmaker-engraver, which was more family tradition, but soon he was fascinated by architecture. By chance, the bright architect of the 20th century could not receive a special education according to his passion, and his schools of architecture were only museums, libraries, travel, as well as creative communication with the luminaries of that time.

Villa Savoy 1929-1931

The years 1910-11 for Le Corbusier were spent in Berlin at work in the workshop of P. Behrens, where he met Walter Gropius himself. By the beginning of 1916, the 29-year-old architect arrived in Paris to work at a building materials factory. On rest days or in the evenings, Corbusier studied the theory of art and painting, after which, in 1918, he and his friend A. Ozanfant published the manifesto “After Cubism”.

Villa Savoy. Plans.

This literary appeal revealed the formulation of the main provisions of purism - a new trend in the usual painting. After friends published the magazine Esprit Nouveau (new spirit), it was on its pages that Charles first signed the pseudonym Le Corbusier, the surname of a relative of his mother.

1922 prepared a change for the young architect. Le Corbusier left the factory and, together with his cousin Pierre Jeanneret, opened his own design studio in Paris.

The main theme of his work was to develop theses for the construction of modern cities and dwellings. Back in 1914, Charles put forward the idea of ​​a "House with Cells" (project "Dom-Ino"). The plan of this building resembled lined up chains, as in the game of Dominoes, with columns in the form of points on the knuckles. In essence, this was the very first frame-type house project for serial construction.

Thanks to his famous five architectural points, formulated in 1926, modern man can study buildings such as:

  • Swiss Villa Fale 1905
  • Ozenfant's Parisian Atelier House 1922
  • Paris Exhibition Pavilion "ESPRI NUVO" 1924
  • Salvation Army refuge house in Paris (1926)
  • Moscow House of Tsentrosoyuz (1928-33)
  • Villa Savoy in Poissy, France (1929-1931)
  • House Curuchet in the provincial Argentine town of La Plata (1949)
  • Punjab Palace of Justice in India (1951-55)
  • Art Museum in Japan, Tokyo (1957-59)
  • Last built Boston Carpenter Center for the Visual Arts 1962

Pavilion "Esprit Nouveau" 1924

Salvation Army House 1926

Assembly building. Chandigarh is the new capital of Punjab, India. 1951-1962

The main five architectural qualities in the work of Le Corbusier were the free planning of the building, so that it was possible to arrange internal partitions in any way. In addition, the building had to stand on supports in the territory of the green cover, the free facade (not load-bearing) was designed depending on the layout. The buildings were to be crowned with flat roofs in the form of a terrace with a garden to restore the greenery selected by the building. And finally, the window openings merged into one ribbon window to create a special façade pattern and improved room lighting.

Le Corbusier is as popular a brand these days as Coca-Cola or Nike. When it comes to architecture, the name Le Corbusier (1885−1965) pronounced as often as the chants of the fans during a football match.

Modern architects are often compared to the master of architecture, his advice is honored and put into practice, and mediocre designers are characterized by the phrase "Not Corbusier" (analogue - "Not a cake").

So who is this great architect beginning of the 20th century?

The artist, designer, architect, pioneer of the Art Nouveau style, talented publicist gained popularity all over the world thanks to his signature style: free facade and free plan, blocks floating above the ground, and raw concrete. It was he who gave architects and designers creative freedom, destroyed the framework, allowed to build as “they see”.

“Every great architect is necessarily a great poet. He must be a great original, a translator of his time, his era., - said the American architect.

So, Le Corbusier was just such a poet of his time.

For the study of mathematical orders, Le Corbusier was elected an honorary doctorate from the universities in Zurich, Cambridge, Columbia and Geneva. He was awarded many orders: Knight, Commander, Officer of the highest rank. And he also has as many as four gold medals for various merits.

Le Corbusier, born Charles-Edouard Jeanneret-Gris, formed his architectural principles in five points. They were called "Five Points of Architecture", and were published in his own magazine, L'Esprit Nouveau.

  • The first is pillars, something like houses on stilts raised above the surface.
  • The second is flat roof-terraces on which you can set up a garden.
  • The third is an open layout, accessible thanks to concrete non-load-bearing walls.
  • Fourth - ribbon windows that can be stretched from corner to corner.
  • Fifth - a free facade of a wide variety of materials.

The designer's favorite color is white. He believed that the white cleanses, and by cleaning his home, a person cleanses himself. Harmony is what Le Corbusier strived so hard for in his projects.

Researchers note several periods in the life of an architect: Swiss (1887 - 1917), the Period of Purism (1917-1930), the International Style (30s), the Period of New Plasticism (1950-1965).

Le Corbusier designed his first house when he was less than 18 years old. All his life the architect considered him obscenely terrible. This is Villa Fallet (Villa Fallet, 1905) in Switzerland.



But the fee from the "monstrous house" allowed young man go on a trip to Europe for the purpose of education. The style of the great architect was significantly influenced by his teachers. They were Perret, French innovators in reinforced concrete architecture, and the world's first industrial designer, the German Peter Bernes. Le Corbusier worked for them at the beginning of the century.

Another teacher, the painter Amédée Ozenfant, influenced Corbusier the painter. Under the impression of friendship with him, the first picture was drawn.

There is a famous quote by the architect, in which he says that the image prefers the conversation, because it is much more honest. Young people called themselves purists, organized exhibitions of their laconic paintings and published their own philosophical journal.

One of the largest projects in creative life Masters - Indian Period (1950). By order of the authorities, he created the Assembly Palace, the Palace of Justice and the Open Hand monument, which turned like a weather vane, in the state of Punjab.

Then another landmark project appeared - the so-called "Marseilles residential unit" (1952) or a city within a city. This is an experimental, harmonious residential building, in fact, living in it resembles a commune. Le Corbusier designed not only bedrooms and living rooms, he placed shops, clinics and even a hotel inside the building.

Something similar was in the Soviet large-scale project "Houses on the Embankment" (1931) or "House of Soviets" by architect B.M. Iofana. It also meant hairdressing salons, cinemas and other objects for various purposes. Now this idea has been implemented to some extent in modern elite residential complexes. By the way, Le Corbusier has repeatedly visited Moscow, the fact is that it was he who was the author of the bold, but, unfortunately, unrealized project of the Palace of Soviets in Moscow, which won in international competition. In addition, it was he who was the author of the Tsentrosoyuz Building. So the residents of the capital can enjoy his creation without spending much time on the road.



But back to the Marseille block. Outwardly, it resembles the most ordinary high-rise building with faceless square windows, however, painted in different colors. One of the concrete boxes that everyone is now scolding so unanimously. But inside the house is very modern, stylish and bright. Le Corbusier spoke of his creation thus:

“I have the honor, joy and satisfaction to present you with the ideal size living unit, the exemplary model of modern living space”



In fact, the house was just a small particle in the architect's large-scale plans. He dreamed of building an ideal city in which people could live harmoniously and beautifully. He even presented three active projects - "Project for a city of 3 million inhabitants" (1932), "Plan Voisin" (1925) and "Radiant City" (1930).

It is very difficult to tell in one review article about all the projects, thoughts and ideas of one of the most brilliant people of the 20th century. There are so many of them that they become topics for dissertations and entire lecture courses.

I would like to believe that we managed to interest you in the bright and extraordinary personality of Le Corbusier, and that after reading this material you will want to “google” about it amazing person and learn as much as possible about it. And if someone is lucky, be sure to visit the Le Corbusier Foundation in Paris and the Le Corbusier Center in Zurich.

Meta Description: Le Corbusier is the most prominent architect of the 20th century, building in the Art Nouveau style.

Born Charles-Edouard Jeanneret-Gris, he first spoke about the need for fundamental changes in architecture. But even today his plans are no less revolutionary than many decades ago. Le Corbusier is the greatest and at the same time the most controversial architect of the 20th century. A passionate writer, art theorist, sculptor, furniture designer and painter, loved and hated by many, he forever changed architecture and the world we live in.


Portrait of Le Corbusier

The architecture of Le Corbusier is rightfully considered innovative. He invented a new architectural language that marked the final break with the traditions of the past. The modernist abandoned the superfluous decorative elements, following the philosophy of Ludwig Mies van der Rohe "less is more" and introduced into practice a simple geometry of forms, asymmetry, horizontal planes and free layouts. He valued natural light and preferred colors to calm color palette: white and shades of gray. Le Corbusier was one of the first to actively use industrial materials such as concrete, steel and glass.

Whatever project the architect took on, be it private villas, residential complexes or churches, he always went beyond conventions. His contribution to modernism is invaluable, and the principles of Le Corbusier's functionalism became the basis of the international style. Below we present ten grandiose works of the architect from around the world.

Villa La Roche

Location: Paris, France
Years of construction: 1923-1925

The house consists of two separate isolated rooms and consists of a residential residence of the brother of the architect and an art gallery of the collector Raoul La Roche, who is passionate about the art of cubism. The villa is currently used as a museum and exhibition space for the Fondation Le Corbusier.

In Villa La Roche, Le Corbusier embodies his revolutionary ideas for the first time. He would later refer to them as the "Five Points of Architecture": pilot pillars, a flat roof that can serve as a garden and a terrace, open-plan interiors, ribbon windows, and a façade independent of the supporting structure. The project is rightfully considered the first truly modernist home with its unusual geometric shapes, minimalist aesthetics and muted color palette.

Villa Savoy

Location: Poissy, France
Years of construction: 1929-1931

In the forested suburbs of Paris lies the Villa Savoy, designed by Le Corbusier and his cousin Pierre Jeanneret as a family country home. This project is a vivid example of the architectural innovation of the master and the embodiment of the five principles new architecture Le Corbusier, finally formulated by him in 1927.

The building stands on pillars that support the weight of the structure raised above ground level. Le Corbusier leaves the structure free of internal supporting walls and relieves the façade of its load-bearing function. The architect seeks to "dissolve" the house in nature with the help of wide ribbon windows, continuous glazing, greenish thin columns of the first floor and a flat roof-terrace.

Notre Dame du Haut Chapel

Location: Ronchamp, France
Years of construction: 1950-1955

The Roman Catholic chapel at Ronchamp is one of Le Corbusier's most radical projects. This building marked a rejection of the functionalist philosophy that characterized early modernist work.

“Everything in it is interconnected. The poetry and lyricism of the image are generated by free creativity, the brilliance of strictly mathematically justified proportions, the perfect combination of all elements.

The chapel was built on a pre-existing pilgrimage site that was completely destroyed during World War II. The billowing concrete roof, reminiscent of a seashell, is supported by thick curved walls with a scattering of irregularly shaped windows.

Residential complex in Berlin

Location: West Berlin, Germany
Years of construction: 1956-1957

Due to massive bombing, Berlin experienced a major housing crisis after World War II. As a solution to the problem, the architect developed a project for a multi-storey social housing consisting of 530 apartments. The concrete building, reminiscent of an ocean liner, has become a symbol of post-war modernization in Germany and a prime example of Le Corbusier's "machine for life".

The concept of "living unit" was first successfully implemented in Marseille. The Berlin residential complex is an almost exact copy of the Marseille housing unit, recognized as the most significant example of brutalism of all time. Corbusier sought to create a "city within a city" that would meet everyday human needs.

“This is not architecture for kings or princes, this is architecture for ordinary people: men, women, children"

National Museum of Western Art

Location: Tokyo, Japan
Years of construction: 1957-1959

The art gallery, located in the center of Tokyo, is the only project of the great modernist in Southeast Asia and one of the few examples of architectural brutalism in Japan. In its artistic significance, the building is in no way inferior to the paintings of Picasso, Van Gogh, Monet and Pollock, presented in the museum's exposition.

The three-story building, lined with textured concrete panels, was what Le Corbusier called the "square spiral". Starting from structural elements and ending with architectural details and interior items - everything is built according to the Modulor system, based on the proportions of the human body by Le Corbusier. The staircase symbolically placed outside the building is an allegory of ascent to the temple of art.

Monastery of Saintes-Maries-de-la-Tourette

Location: Eveux-sur-l'Arbresle, France
Years of construction: 1953-1960

A Dominican monastery near Lyon, built for a community of monks, looks more like the ruins of a long-forgotten civilization than a religious building: rough concrete surfaces, color contrasts, flat roofs covered with grass, asymmetry and illogical architectural composition.

The complex consists of many different rooms: one hundred separate cells for secluded worship and relaxation, a library, monastic premises, a church and study rooms. Unlike most of Le Corbusier's buildings, the structure does not harmoniously complement the surrounding reality, but sharply dominates the landscape, opposing the harsh purposefulness of faith to the chaos of uncontrollable nature.

Assembly Palace

Location: Chandigrah, India
Years of construction: 1951-1962

The monumental eight-story Assembly Palace is part of the Capitol - a government complex located in northern India at the foot of the Himalayas. Here Le Corbusier put some of his ideal city ideas to life for the first time. The raw concrete technique used in the construction of the Capitol became the starting point of Brutalism.

“The city is a powerful image that affects the human mind. Can't he be a source of poetry for us today too?

The main entrance is decorated with a portico in the form of a curved boat, supported by eight concrete pylons.The core of the building is the meeting room located in the inner cylindrical structures, penetrating the ceiling like a huge chimney. Bright contrasting elements of the facades enliven the heavy composition.

House of Culture Firmini

Location: Firminy, France
Years of construction: 1961-1965

house of culture, completed in the year of Le Corbusier's death,built on a steep cliff of a former coal pit. The architect decided to keep the old coal seam, thus achieving a "poetic resonance" between industrial and natural materials, a symbiosis of the building with the environment.

The asymmetrical curved roof, reminiscent of an inverted vault, is the result of an innovative technical solution: concrete slabs were laid on tension cables. Another feature of the building is a special glazing system with special partitions and glass panels of various sizes.

Heidi Weber Pavilion (Le Corbusier Center)

Location: Zurich, Switzerland
Years of construction: 1963-1967

Le Corbusier's last lifetime project was commissioned by Heidi Weber, a Swiss designer and great admirer of the great modernist. The building, intended for a collection of graphic works, sculptures, furniture and sketches of Le Corbusier himself, later became his creative testament. Today it houses a museum dedicated to the life and art of the architect.

The building was built from materials atypical for Le Corbusier: glass and steel. Instead of the concrete slabs usual for the late period in the work of the architect, there are enameled colored panels.The roof, assembled from steel sheets, is independent and clearly separated from the main building. She, like a giant umbrella, protects the artistic heritage of the master from the outside world.

Church of Saint-Pierre de Firminy

Location: Firminy, France
Years of construction: 1971-1975, 2003-2006

The church at Firminy is the last major project, but never realized during Le Corbusier's lifetime, begun in 1960 and completed 41 years after his death. The concrete pyramidal church looks more like an industrial structure or a spaceship than a place of religious worship. The choice is so unusual shape due to the desire of the architect to convey the spirit of the place: the building was built in a small mining town.

“The church should be spacious so that the heart can feel free and uplifted, so that prayers in it can breathe”

Simple geometry with complex cosmological symbolism: tothe structure, square at the base, narrows as it rises, losing the severity of the form, metaphorically denoting the transition from the earthly to the heavenly.Tiny round windows that dot the wall like a constellation of stars project the constellations of Orion onto the east wall of the church with beams of light.Multi-colored windows-cones, symbolizing heavenly bodies, illuminate the room in different ways depending on the season and religious holidays.

Charles Le Corbusier is Swiss by origin, but is known as a French architect. short biography Le Corbusier will let you know more about it talented person and significant figure of the 20th century.

In fact, fr. the specialist in the construction industry had a different name, the real one was Charles-Edouard Jeanneret-Gris. Le Corbusier was born in 1887, from the age of 13 he studied arts and crafts, at the same time he began to improve in jewelry. Charles created the first modern project at the age of 18 in collaboration. Earnings went to an educational trip: in Vienna, he designed, studied new things, met with other representatives of the profession, then worked in Paris, counting as an intern draftsman. In 1910, he was an intern with a specialist in architecture, Peter Behrens.

Travel and work in France

A year later, Edward went to the eastern territories, and in order to further expand his knowledge, he visited the Balkans, Greece, and Asia Minor. Traveling made it possible to study folk building objects, traditions, folklore and strongly influenced the formation of tastes, which later began to reflect the buildings erected by Le Corbusier.

For Le Corbusier, architecture was the main activity. After the trip, he completed several works, in 1914 he became the owner of his workshop. In the same year, with M. Dubois, a water tower was created in Podensac, which became an innovation for buildings made of large elements.

By 1917 he left forever native city, and Le Corbusier, whose photo is now recognized by many contemporaries, moved to Paris. There was active work on the buildings, by 1922 Jeanner opened a design bureau. He gave the world many magnificent buildings, 31 of which are monumental projects. Le Corbusier's life ended in 1965. The monument to a creative and gifted person reminds of his contribution to world architecture.

Le Corbusier's theory

Le Corbusier developed five rules, as they are also called - the basic principles of the world style. In them, he tried to show the architecture of the new time.

The principles of Le Corbusier's architecture are as follows:

  1. The use of pillars as supports. The building rises above the ground with the help of reinforced concrete pillars, at the bottom there is free space for a parking lot or a garden.
  2. Roof terraces are flat. In that century, sloping roofs with an attic were the main ones. Thanks to the innovation, people got the opportunity to organize a flat roof, and on its terrace to create a garden or a recreation area.
  3. Free layout. Le Corbusier's projects made it possible to get rid of load-bearing wall structures, so you can create any, even the most spectacular ideas. The basis was a reinforced concrete frame.
  4. Tape glazing. The new type of construction made it possible to choose any variations of windows; if desired, they can be used in a row along the entire length of the wall.
  5. Facade without limits. Supports were placed inside, and fragile or transparent materials in any configuration became acceptable for external structures.

modulor

Modulor Le Corbusier briefly combined these principles, and became a system of harmonic quantities. A tool for designing proportions in architecture was created in 1942-1948. The system uses human proportions instead of quantities, and also includes mathematical calculations. The principles made possible the placement of elements according to the dimensions of the human body.

Le Corbusier is a French architect who was able to link various rooms for a person with his gestures, to choose the optimal dimensions. By 1950, the system had been improved and was used by the inventor to work on buildings.

Style

Interiors in the style of Le Corbusier in Moscow and other cities are not uncommon. In his opinion, it is important to achieve purity and aesthetics; functionalism is also used by current specialists in interior design. The space of objects should flow, be dynamic, the functionality of the initial projects of the architects was close to absurdity.

With practice, the work of Le Corbusier improved, the architect brought his style to the ideal, making it comfortable, plastic, ergonomic. Comfort and convenience became the basis, the internal filling became functional without losing its attractiveness.

The basis of the requirements: light walls, the location of windows based on the cardinal points, compact shelving, built-in wardrobes, saving space. Screens, blinds, etc. were created for zoning, and each element must be mobile and functional.

Projects

Architecture

At one time, Le Corbusier's ideas caused a real sensation and indignation. Work was carried out on buildings of various types, including residential units (they erected many cottages), pavilions, Domino, Tsentrosoyuz in Moscow.

Also among the works it is worth highlighting Chandigarh, the chapel, Citroen, Kabanon, the Radiant City, the Savoy Villa. Each Le Corbusier house was distinguished by a non-standard approach to planning, there was always something to surprise, how to make everything unusual, but functional. For example, Radiant City included a laundry and other public facilities within the complex, and even a kindergarten on the 17th floor with access to the terrace.

Furniture

Le Corbusier's style was embodied in a large list of furniture, he designed beautiful and comfortable deck chairs, armchairs, seats, lamps and much more. Each item does not take up unnecessary space, while neither beauty nor convenience is lost.

The Jung Le Corbusier series immediately gained popularity, including sockets, switches, frames, all of which stand out in bright colors.

In the style of the famous constructivist, collections of home accessories are regularly released. In 2017, the Italian ceramic manufacturer Gigacer launched a series of tiles named after the architect.

Books

Le Corbusier's book The New Spirit in Architecture and many others provide a deeper understanding of his work and creativity. The works also include:

  • "Modulor. MOD 1. MOD 2". The book describes the nuances of a new dimension of space;
  • "Planning the city";

  • "Journey to the East". The publication came out 54 years after an incredible trip. Here his knowledge of the play of light, new forms is revealed;
  • « creative path". The author transferred all the most important things to paper pages;
  • "Architecture of the 20th century". This included individual Le Corbusier heritage projects.

Le Corbusier as an artist

Le Corbusier's other works, his paintings, are also highly appreciated. He masterfully conveyed the feeling of space, light. Each subject was written in volume, since the author saw weakly and examined everything up close.

The images have a peculiar texture, in the pictures everything is drawn in an ideal section and plan. Sculptures were created according to the works. A huge number of exhibitions took place artistic compositions. And in order to perpetuate the contribution of the architect, a monument to Le Corbusier was erected on Myasnitskaya Street in Moscow.

Le Corbusier Museum

A studio apartment in Paris is associated with creativity, it is filled with light, has a large space, but the buildings erected in 1925 - Maison la Roche-Janneret - are a more significant object. The project embodied a revolutionary approach, it is practically a museum, although it is considered a foundation.