The emergence of the fairy tale genre of painting is usually attributed to the second half of the 19th century. The emergence of this new direction is associated with the increased interest not only of artists, but of the Russian educated public in general in the nationally distinctive origins of our country.

Cultural situation

At the beginning of the century, heated disputes arose between several circles of the intelligentsia regarding the paths of development of our country. Some said that the state belongs to the European powers and that it has a common path of development with them. Others, on the contrary, believed that Russia should follow its own original and unique path of development, which they sought confirmation of in examples from ancient history.

Prerequisites for the emergence of the genre

Such discussions were very fruitful not only for socio-political thought, but also for the state of culture in general. Fairy-tale genre appeared, so to speak, on the wave of the above-mentioned philosophical trends and directions. At the same time, it became a natural result of the development of Russian fine art, in which historical themes traditionally occupied one of the leading places. Back in the 18th and 19th centuries, many artists captured pictures from ancient Russian history on their canvases, which served as an impetus for interest in Russian folk tales, epics, and ancient legends. After all, many ancient Russian stories were covered in epic romance, which made them so attractive.

Features of the compositions

In the second half of the 19th century, the fairy-tale genre took one of the leading places in fine arts. This new direction had its own. First of all, most of the images were colorful and unusually expressive. If you remember the most famous works V this genre, then they amaze with wealth color range and shades. This is explained by the desire of painters to give plasticity to the images and at the same time attract the attention of the public to them.

Secondly, the fairy-tale genre was distinguished by its scale and monumentality. This is due to the themes of the stories. The fact is that artists, as a rule, chose heroic scenes from the country’s past as the subject for their canvases and very often settled on those epic stories that particularly suited their ideas. For example, the painting “Three Heroes” is distinguished by its extraordinary seriousness and solemnity. It is made in the spirit of ancient Russian legends and epics, glorifying the exploits of the defenders of the Russian land.

Images

The fairy-tale genre also has that characteristic feature that the authors working in this direction chose the most expressive images and subjects as the object of the image, which in one way or another reflected the most famous pages of the past, and also conveyed the spirit of the ancient era. The most common image in painting of this direction is a hero, a warrior, a defender of the Russian land. For example, the canvas “The Knight at the Crossroads” is both a reflection of ancient legends and at the same time shows how the author imagined the era Ancient Rus'. At the same time, the painting has references to folk tales: the canvas depicts a knight who chooses his path by reading the inscription on the stone. The combination of fairy-tale, epic and historical elements came together surprisingly harmoniously in this picture. This principle is generally characteristic of Vasnetsov’s work, which is what made his paintings so popular.

The fairy-tale genre in the fine arts has taken one of the leading places in Russian painting. Another image characteristic of him is this. Particularly popular were fairy-tale heroines, for example, Vasilisa the Wise or the Swan Princess. These female images were the most popular in fairy tales, so it is not surprising that authors turned to them so often.

Another image is that of a storyteller. For example, one of the most famous painting Vasnetsov, is the painting “Bayan”, which depicts an ancient Russian guslar singer telling an ancient legend to the soldiers. It is characteristic that this particular hero became the subject of the image. The appeal to his image is very significant in the sense that the artists understood that it was thanks to such storytellers that these epics, fairy tales and legends came to us.

Connection with music

The fairy-tale epic largely received an impetus for development due to the fact that at the time in question many composers turned to ancient Russian themes when writing operas. Of course, motifs from fairy tales, epics and ancient legends were also present in their works. Very often, artists painted scenery in the appropriate spirit, which contributed to the flourishing of the genre being studied. As an example of operas of this kind, one can name the musical works of Rimsky-Korsakov, who very often turned to historical, epic and fairy-tale themes. Other composers also used these themes in their works (for example, Stravinsky). These works were very popular in the West, which served as an impetus for the development of this direction in painting.

Famous paintings

Paintings of the fairy-tale genre occupy a prominent place not only among works on historical subjects, but also in fine art in general. In addition to the above works, we should mention paintings dedicated exclusively to plots from ancient Russian folk tales. For example, the painting “Ivan Tsarevich and the Gray Wolf” is a masterpiece in this regard. Fairy-tale and historical elements are combined in this work of the author in such a harmonious unity that, looking at it, it is difficult to distinguish the fairy-tale from the real.

Another example in this series is the painting “Alyonushka” by the same author. It is known that he painted it from a simple peasant girl, which gives the canvas such brightness and expressiveness. The undoubted advantage of the works of this direction is the fact that in them the motifs of fairy tales, epics and legends had such a lively and expressive coloring that the plots received a historical sound and were perceived as part of the cultural past.

Representatives

Artists of the fairy-tale genre have worldwide recognition. Their works are a worthy contribution not only to domestic but also to world culture. In addition to Vasnetsov, Bilibin should also be mentioned in this series. He became famous for writing drawings on fairy tale themes. His illustrations for the famous “The Tale of Tsar Saltan” by Pushkin are especially popular. His works are distinguished by their brightness and richness of colors, and appearance very similar to frames from cartoons. In this regard, the author has outlived his time: his drawings are still used today as a standard for creating animations.

Vrubel also turned to fairy tales. His painting “The Swan Princess”, based on the same fairy tale, is famous. The style of this artist is very original and specific and therefore very different from the works of his predecessors. His colors are somewhat blurred and muted, in contrast to Bilibin’s bright drawings.

The meaning of genre

The fairy-tale genre (grade 7) occupies a prominent place in educational process At school. Already at the middle level, students are introduced to the main works in this direction. Moreover, they can be shown both in history lessons and in literature. These works help to clearly demonstrate both the features of the artist’s work and the specifics of ancient Russian society. Very often, on the basis of them, they study the life, clothing, housing, and culture of those distant times. In addition, at this age, schoolchildren perceive vivid images very vividly, and therefore the paintings of the above masters should be analyzed in the context of the works ancient Russian literature. This was the most important stage in the development of Russian painting, which should be distinguished as a separate period in the fine arts.

Savina Galina Vladimirovna

Art teacher

"Berestyanskaya Secondary School" - branch of MKOU "Demushkinskaya Secondary School"

« Organization of artistic and aesthetic activities of schoolchildren during aesthetic lessons»

Working programm in Fine Arts 7th grade for teaching materialsA. S. Piterskikh, G. E. Gurov “Fine arts grades 7-8”, edited by B. M. Nemensky.

Fine arts lesson "Fairytale-epic genre. The magical world of fairy tales." 7th grade

The purpose of the lesson:

Educational – form an idea of ​​the fairy-tale genrebased on the example of illustrations for fairy talesV.M. Vasnetsova

Educational – cultivate a love for folk art,moral, aesthetic andartistic and aestheticattitude towards the worldchildren's love for the work of children's book artists and interest in art.

Developmental – develop a general outlook, memory, speech,creative attitude to complete the task.

Tasks :

1. Educational - to form an idea of ​​the fairy-tale genre.

2. Educational - to cultivate a moral and aesthetic attitude towards the world, love and interest in art.

3.Developing - to develop skills in search work and collective perception, a creative attitude to completing a task.

Equipment and materials:

1. Multimedia projector; multimedia presentation for the lesson.

2. Reproductions of works by V. Vasnetsov, based on fairy tales, as well as books with illustrations.

3. Art materials: watercolor and gouache paints, brushes, colored pencils, water jars, palette.

4. On stands, walls, cabinets - illustrations to Russian folk tales: “Alyonushka”, “Bogatyrs”, “Ivan Tsarevich on the Gray Wolf”
5. On the board are the words “Fairy tales!” Who didn’t love them in Rus'!”

Lesson structure for learning new knowledge:

Lesson steps

Teacher action

Student action

Organizing time

Hello guys! Check the readiness of the workplace. On your tables you should have:watercolor and gouache paints, brushes, colored pencils, water jars, palette.

Greetings to the teacher!

1 min

Repetition of what has been learned.

We continue to consider genres of painting. Let's remember all the genres that you know.

The teacher writes down the names of the genres on the board or attaches ready-made printed ones to the board; if the children find it difficult, he helps.

Studentscalled genres.

- Mythological genre

Battle genre

Everyday genre

Scenery

Historical genre

Still life

Animalistic genre

Portrait

- Fairy-tale genre

Creating a problematic situation.

And in order to find out the topic of today's lesson, I suggest you complete a small task. The cards contain definitions of the genres that we wrote on the board. Your task is to find the correct definition for each one. To do this, we take one task at a time,and on the board we combine the definitionto the appropriate genre.

The teacher distributes cards to students.

(1sheet)-Mythological genre

(2sheet)-Battle genre

(3sheet)-Everyday genre

(4 sheet) -Scenery

(5 sheet) -Historical genre

(6 sheet) -Still life

(7 sheet) -Animalistic genre

(8 sheet)-Portrait

We coped with the task, but one genremissed, name it.

Think about it, what is the topic of our lesson?

Right. Well done! And our last definition.

(9sheet)-Fairytale - epic genre (attaches definition)

1 – illustration of myths and legends of different peoples.

2 – depiction of battles, military exploits, military operations

3 – depiction of scenes from a person's everyday, personal life

4 – nature image, environment, views of the countryside, etc.

5 – depiction of historical events and characters

6 – image of inanimate objects(utensils, fruits, dead game, bouquets of flowers, etc.)

7 – image of animals.

8 – image of the external and internal appearance of a person or group of people

Children call.

Formulate the topic of the lesson.

Fairytale - epic genre.

9 – description of fairy tales and epics

Setting the lesson goal.

Imagine if you found yourself in an unfamiliar society and in order to somehow address those present, what would you do?

Right. And so let’s write down what we have in order to determine the purpose of our lesson.

The teacher makes notes on the board - “fairy-tale-epic genre”, “V.M. Vasnetsov”, “Getting acquainted”.

Let's try to formulate the purpose of our lesson based on this (if necessary, the teacher helps).

Writes down the topic of the lessons on the board. Asks one of the students to read.

Let's get acquainted.

Students formulate the purpose of the lesson.

To get acquainted with the fairy-tale genre in painting using the example of the work of V.M. Vasnetsova.

Updating knowledge

Slide 1. – portrait of the artist V.M. Vasnetsov.

There are books on your desks. Read about the artistV.M. Vasnetsov.

(One student reads aloud, the rest follow along from the book).

Slide 2.

Turning to the topic of the lesson, answer what two key concepts are spelled out here?

Let's remember what a fairy tale is, what an epic is?

The teacher displays on the slide the definitions of the concepts “Fairy Tale” and “Epic”. Asks the children to read.

Slide 3.

Slide 4.

One of the students reads aloud, the rest follow the text.

Viktor Mikhailovich Vasnetsov was born in 1848 on May 15 in a village with the funny name Lopyal. Vasneytsov's father was a priest, as were his grandfather and great-grandfather. Viktor Vasnetsov had 5 brothers, one of whom also became famous artists, his name was Apollinaris.
Vasnetsov's talentmanifested itself in childhood, but the extremely unfortunate financial situation in the family left no options for how to send Victor to the Vyatka Theological School in 1858. Already at the age of 14, Viktor Vasnetsov studied at the Vyatka Theological Seminary. Children of priests were taken there for free.

Victor VasnetsovdiedJuly 231926.

They give tentative answers.

Fairy tale, epic.

Children are reading.

A fairy tale is Magic world, which we often plunge into. We experience a feeling of sadness, joy... A fairy tale is a miracle!

Bylinas are ancient Russian epic songs and tales, chanting the exploits of heroes, reflecting historical events 11th – 16th centuries

Physical education minute

Now we will visit the museum, where we will admire illustrations for fairy tales. To do this, let's go to the paintings that are in our makeshift gallery.

- Look at this picture. It depicts three famous heroes of Russian legends and epics - Dobrynya Nikitich, Ilya Muromets and Alyosha Popovich.

Let's move on to the next reproduction. Here we see Alyonushka, who is an illustration for the fairy tale “Sister Alyonushka and her brother Ivanushka.”

The next painting by Viktor Vasnetsov, “Ivan Tsarevich on the Gray Wolf,” is perhaps one of the most folkloric works of Russian fine art.

Our excursion is over. Go to your seats.

Children get up and approach the paintings.

Students listen.

Studentstake their places.

Consolidation of acquired knowledge.

Today in the lesson you will be illustrators and color homemade books for children's fairy tales and epics. Let's remember their name.

Well done!

Now I will distribute coloring books for fairy tales. You fold them in half, and you will get homemade books (shows clearly)

which you can give to your little sisters and brothers.

If you wish, you can sign the text for the illustrations.

The teacher advises children if necessary.

Slide 5.

Bylin - “Dobrynya Nikitich”, “Ilya Muromets and Alyosha Popovich”

Fairy tales- “Sister Alyonushka and brother Ivanushka”, “Ivan Tsarevichand the gray wolf"

The children begin to do their work.

Homework

Write down the homework assignment. Complete the work in color, which will be assessed in the next lesson.

Now pick up the emoticon that matches your mood in today's lesson.

(Smileys are on the ports in advance)

Write down tasks in a diary.

Reflection (summarizing the lesson)

At the end of the lesson, let’s remember what topic we learned about in today’s lesson.

That's right, well done!

And let's return to the purpose of our lesson.

Did you achieve the goal of the lesson?

What new things have you learned about yourself?

What was your practical work!

Thank you all for the lesson, goodbye!

Slide 6.

(Everyone cleans their workplace).

Fairytale - epic genre.

- Get acquainted with the fairy-tale genre in painting using the example of creativity

V.M. Vasnetsova.

Studentsanswer.

Color illustrations and make homemade books for kids.

Additional material to the lesson:

1. Epigraph.

"Fairy tales! Who didn’t love them in Rus'!”

2.Genres.

Mythological genre

Battle genre

Everyday genre

Scenery

3. I didn’t understand much, I still need to work

Fairy-tale genre. (mythological genre)

  • From Greek (my thos) - tradition.
  • A genre of fine art dedicated to events and characters about which myths, legends, and traditions tell.
  • The mythological genre was formed during the Renaissance, when ancient legends provided rich subjects for paintings by S. Botticelli, Giorgione, and frescoes by Raphael.
  • S. Botticelli “Spring”
  • Giorgione "Adoration of the Shepherds"
  • Raphael
  • "Ezekiel's Vision"
  • Vasnetsov Viktor Mikhailovich
  • (1848-1926)
  • an outstanding Russian artist, master of painting, created works on the themes national history, Russian epics and folk tales, devoting almost all of his further work to them. One of the first Russian artists to turn to Russian folklore, Vasnetsov sought to give epic character his works, in poetic form to embody age-old folk ideals and high patriotic feelings.
Bogatyrs"The Knight at the Crossroads" “After the massacre of Svyatoslavovich’s grief”"Alyonushka"
  • Sketch for "Alyonushka"
“The fairy tale is a lie, but there is a hint in it, A lesson to the good fellow. »"Snow Maiden"
  • "Ivan Tsarevich on a gray wolf"
  • "Princess Frog"
  • Oleg's meeting with the magician
Magic birds
  • Koschei the Deathless
Bilibin Ivan Yakovlevich (1876-1942)
  • He is a prominent representative of “modern” in Russian graphics, created an ornamental and decorative graphically expressive
  • “Bilibino style” of book illustration, based on the stylization of motifs from folk popular prints, embroidery, and wood carvings.
Illustrations for fairy tales "Epics"
  • "Volga"
  • The work of Mikhail Alexandrovich Vrubel is one of the most significant and mysterious phenomena of Russian art late XIX century. Great skill, tragedy, heroic spirit and unique decorative gift make Vrubel an artist for all times. Eternally living in his own world, inaccessible to the understanding of others, Vrubel was able to recreate his complex world in the images of his unusual art, and these images became one of the most important milestones of Russian culture at the turn of the century.
  • Vrubel Mikhail Alexandrovich
  • (1856-1910)
Swan Princess
  • ...There is a princess beyond the sea,
  • What you can't take your eyes off:
  • During the day the light of God is eclipsed,
  • Lights up the earth at night
  • The moon shines under the scythe,
  • And in the forehead the star is burning.
  • A.S. Pushkin
"Demon Seated"
  • "33 heroes"
  • "Eastern Tale"
  • "Princess Volkhova"
  • "Fortune Teller"
  • "Bogatyr"
Test
  • 1. option
  • Which of the Vasnetsov brothers created the painting “Bogatyrs”: Victor or Apollinaris?
  • Which Russian artist designed the façade of the Tretyakov Gallery building?
  • Sitting, flying, defeated... And all the same character from the same artist, only the paintings are different. Name the artist and character.
  • Option 2
  • Which of the Vasnetsov brothers painted the paintings “The Moscow Kremlin under Ivan Kalita” and “The Moscow Kremlin under Dmitry Donskoy”: Victor or Apollinaris?
  • In 1896, Pavel Mikhailovich Tretyakov was awarded the high title of “Honorary Citizen of Moscow.” Which artist painted this letter?
  • Name the Russian artist, the author of the painting “The Swan Princess”.
Answers
  • Victor Vasnetsov.
  • Viktor Mikhailovich Vasnetsov.
  • Vrubel Mikhail Alexandrovich.
  • Apollinary Vasnetsov.
  • Victor Vasnetsov.
  • Vrubel Mikhail Alexandrovich.
Lesson summary.
  • Questions:
  • How do the paintings of I. Bilibin and V. Vasnetsov differ?
  • Who are the main characters in the paintings (people or fairy-tale characters)?

Slide 2

What do we find out?

What is the fairy-tale-epic (mythological) genre. Let's get acquainted with the paintings of famous artists who worked in the fairy-tale-epic (mythological) genre. V. M. Vasnetsov. Princess - Nesmeyana.

Slide 3

Fairytale-epic (mythological) genre

The fairy-tale-epic (mythological) genre is a genre of fine art that includes paintings based on the subjects of myths, legends, traditions, epics and fairy tales. The genre originated in medieval art, when ancient greek myths ceased to be beliefs, but became literary stories. M. Vrubel Pan.

Slide 4

Viktor Mikhailovich Vasnetsov (1848 – 1926)

The role of V. M. Vasnetsov is very significant in the development of Russian culture. He is called the “singer of Russian fairy tales.” He painted many paintings on fairy-tale and epic subjects. They make a huge impression on the viewer. Let's look at them. V. M. Vasnetsov. Self-portrait.

Slide 5

V. M. Vasnetsov. Bogatyrs.

How does the painting make you feel?

Slide 6

Knight at the crossroads

What was the knight thinking about?

Slide 7

Alyonushka

Why is Alyonushka sad? One of best works artist, creating a fairy-tale image of sister Alyonushka. A dark forest in the background and dark cold water emphasize the girl’s sadness and defenselessness.

Slide 8

Ivan Tsarevich on a gray wolf.

The Gray Wolf of Ivan, the prince, and Vasilisa the Beautiful rushes through the dark, ominous forest. Not just an illustration for a fairy tale familiar from childhood, but also a tale about friendship and camaraderie, love and fidelity. The picture is also full of optimism, because even in such a gloomy forest there is a delicate blooming apple tree.

Slide 9

Baba Yaga

  • Slide 10

    Koschei the Deathless

  • Slide 11

    Carpet plane

  • Slide 12

    Princess Frog

  • Slide 13

    Snow Maiden

  • Slide 14

    Mikhail Vrubel (1856-1910)

    Vrubel was ahead of his time in everything. He discovered new color possibilities and learned to convey volume using numerous breaking edges. This allowed him to write his fairy-tale characters so brilliantly. M. Vrubel. Self-portrait.

    Slide 15

    M. A. Vrubel. Daemon.

    What kind of demon does Vrubel have? Cruel, soft, free, thoughtful, lyrical, angry, strong, immersed, sad, rebellious.

    Slide 16

    Swan Princess

    What moment from the fairy tale did the artist capture? We also see a harmonious combination of the fantastic and the real in the painting “The Swan Princess.” The composition is built in such a way that it seems as if we were looking into fairy world, where a magical bird girl suddenly appears and is about to disappear, swimming to a distant, mysterious shore. The last rays of the sun play on the delicate plumage, shimmering with rainbow colors. The girl turns around, her thin, gentle face is sad, her eyes glow with mysterious sadness; they have a painful melancholy of loneliness.

    Slide 17

    "Pan"

    In the painting "Pan" the Greek god turns into a Russian goblin. Old, wrinkled, with bottomless blue eyes, knobby fingers like twigs, he seems to emerge from a mossy stump. The characteristic Russian landscape takes on a fantastic witchcraft coloring - endless wet meadows, a winding river , thin birch trees, frozen in the silence of the falling twilight on the earth, illuminated by the crimson of the horned moon...

    Slide 18

    Ivan Yakovlevich Bilibin (1876 –1942)

    Ivan Yakovlevich Bilibin is a famous Russian graphic illustrator and theater artist. "Bilibino style", characteristic of his book illustrations, based on Russian symbols folk art. I. Ya. Bilibin’s illustrations for fairy tales and epics recreate a fantastic and fairy-tale world.

    Slide 19

    Illustration for the fairy tale “Sister Alyonushka and Brother Ivanushka”

    Pay attention to the ornament along the edge of the picture, taken from folk ornaments

    Slide 20

    Illustration for “The Tale of the Golden Cockerel”

  • Slide 21

    Illustration for a fairy tale

    What fairy tale is the illustration for? Why did the artist choose such a frame for this drawing?

    Slide 22

    VasilievKonstantin Alekseevich

    Konstantin Alekseevich Vasiliev (1942-1976) - Russian artist, creative heritage which contains more than 400 works of painting and graphics: portraits, landscapes, surreal compositions, paintings of epic, mythological and battle genres. Extraordinary talent, rich spiritual world and the education he received allowed Konstantin Vasiliev to leave his incomparable mark on Russian painting. His paintings are easily recognizable

    > born in 1876 in St. Petersburg in the family of a military doctor. The father did not support his son’s aspirations for drawing, and at his father’s request, Bilibin graduated from the Faculty of Law of St. Petersburg University, but at the same time studied at the school of the Society for the Encouragement of the Arts, and also, as a volunteer, entered Repin’s workshop, the Academy of Arts. In 1898 he went to Munich to work in the workshop of Professor Aschbe. Bilibin retained the basics of precise drawing throughout his life. Bilibin spent the summer of 1899 in the Tver province, here his acquaintance with the Russian village and folk art began. In the same year, the Expedition of State Papers began issuing Russian folk tales with drawings by Bilibin. The name Bilibin became widely known throughout Russia. In his person was a master who perfectly conveyed the spirit of joyful and folk fabulousness. To this day, these “Bilibino” tales are an example of high printing technology. This series included “Vasilisa the Beautiful”, “The Tale of Ivan Tsarevich and the Gray Wolf”<Рисунок 2 >, “White Duck”, “Frog Princess”, etc. Bilibin fully joined the “World of Art” association. The first resounding success was an impetus for the further development of the artist’s work. He travels to the north of Russia, where he discovered the beauty of wooden architecture and ornamental richness folk costumes<Рисунок 3 >and embroidery.

    During the civil war, Bilibin ended up in Egypt, in 1925 he settled in Paris, but everywhere he was busy with his favorite work of illustrating books. In 1936, Bilibin returned to his homeland, he came to St. Petersburg-Leningrad and began working as a professor at the graphic workshop of the Academy of Arts, earning, as usual, respect from students. But the war began, Bilibin moved from his private apartment to the basement floor of the Academy of Arts, where teachers were located. The harsh conditions of basement life and lack of proper nutrition undermined Bilibin’s health. He refused to evacuate deep into Russia and continued to work all the time on a series of decorative panels united by a common theme - “Bogatyrs”. His last work was an illustration for the epic “Duke Stepanovich”. It was a detailed preparatory drawing that should have been covered in watercolor, but it remained in pencil. Feeling that his strength was leaving him, Bilibin placed an eight-pointed cross under the top button that held the paper on the board. This was the final touch, the artist’s “last goodbye.” The artist died on the night of February 7-8, 1942.

    All the artist’s works are united by one constant quality – exceptional craftsmanship. Bilibin's works teach respect for work and responsibility for every line, for every pattern. In all the artist’s works one can see his love for ancient world Russia, and he carried his admiration for this world throughout his life.